10 PHILOSOPHY TOPICS BOOK



APHORISMS FOR TEACHING ENGLISH

1. LIFE: youth, democratic society & human rights, human being.
2. HAPPINESS: peace of mind, personal growth, joy(s), freedom, sense of fulfil(l)ment (feeling fulfilled and motivated), self-satisfaction
3. PERSONALITY: confidence, self-confidence, trust, independence, maturity, courage, resolution, introversion, extra/oversion, shyness, envy, jelousy, charm.
4. SUCCESS: failure, money, wealth, economic / financial independence, poverty / lack of money), leadership
5. SOLITUDE & LONELINESS: singlehood / bachelorhood, chastity / celibacy
6. LOVE: marriage, family, friendship.
7. ADVERSITY: suffering, unhappiness, sorrow(s), worry, bulling, envy, betrayal, defeat, remorse, regret, fear.
8. WISDOM: intelligence, common sense, insight (understanding, intuition), wit,  education.
9 FEELINGS: melancholy, nostalgia, boredom, envy, fear, feeling of fulfilment (accomplishment: realización), peace of mind (quiet, tranquillity, mental calm), sadness, satisfaction, sexual desire, sympathy (compassion, affection, support), satisfaction (fulfilment of desire), triumph (rejoicing at success: jubilo, victory), stress, worry, reluctance


1. LIFE: youth, democratic society & human rights.

(If you love life), Do not squander time; for that’s the stuff life is made of. Benjamin Franklin. (1706-1790) US Founding Father. Also in "Gone with the wind", Victor Fleming.

Everything is dangerous. If it wasn’t so, life wouldn’t be worth living. Also "if it weren't so": If it weren't so, freedom would probably not be so valuable.

There are two ways to live: you can live as if / though nothing is a miracle; you can live as if / though everything is a miracle. Albert Einstein   

Note: 1. We can use both as if and as though followed by a non-finite clause or a prepositional phrase: She moved her lips as if to smile; They were shouting as though in panic. 2. As if and as though commonly follow the verbs feel and look: She felt as if all her worries had gone; They felt as though they had been given the wrong informatio; I’ve got so much work it looks as if I’ll have to stay at home this evening. 
In informal English, like can be used in a similar way to as if, though it is not always considered correct in formal contexts: It felt like it could snow at any minute.

Note: This situation would be ridiculous if it weren't so tragic; The whole thing would be laughable if it weren't so tragic for the people of Cuba , who have traded one Castro for another.

Dream as if you'll live forever. Live as if you'll die today. James Dean

Here is the test to find whether your mission on Earth is finished: if you're alive, it isn't. 

However and wherever we are, we must live as if we will never die. Nazim Hikmet

However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at.  Stephen Hawking

I began to live as if there were no one but / save God and me in the world. Nothing exists but God and me. Brother Lawrence

I will have nothing to do with immortality. We are miserable enough in this life without (the absurdity of) speculating / having to speculate upon / on another. Lord Byron

If life's lessons could be reduced to single sentences, there would be no need for fiction.

If there's a single lesson that life teaches usit's that wishing doesn't make it so. 
Karl Marx said it more succinctly: "Life is struggle."


If today were the last day of your life, would you want to do what you are about to do today?

If you love life, don't waste time for time is what life is made (up) of. Bruce Lee

In this life  there are only two tragedies; one is not getting what one / you wants, the other is getting it. Oscar Wilde

It may be unfair, but what happens in a few days, sometimes even a single day, can change the course of a whole lifetime (existence).

It is only with the heart that one can see rightly. What is essential in life is invisible to the eye. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 

Life contains but two tragedies. One is not to get your heart’s desire; the other is to get it.
George Bernard Shaw

Life is a tragedy for those who feel, and a comedy for those who think. J. De La Bruyere


Life is too short to be anything but happy. So love deeply, forgive quickly. Take chances and never have regrets. * His new novel is anything but dull (not at all)

Noteanything butThough he's known for his comedies, his latest film is anything but.
nothing of the sort; nada que ver con eso.

Life is too short to be wasted in finding answers. Enjoy the questions! Paolo Cohelo

Life is too short to stress yourself with people who don't even deserve to be an issue in your life.

Life is too short to worry about anything. You had better enjoy it because the next day promises nothing. 

Life is too short to worry about love handles

Life is truly known only to those who suffer, lose, endure adversity and stumble from defeat to defeat. Anais Nin

Life is what happens to you while you’re busy making other plans. John Lennon

Life isn't about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself. 

Life isn't about waiting for the storm to pass... It's about learning to dance in the rain.


Life will end in death and unhappiness, but we do it anyway. Hanya Yanagihara

Life would be tragic if it weren't funny. Stephen Hawking

Live as if you were living a second time, and as though you had acted wrongly the first time.

Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever. Mahatma Gandhi

Live as though it were your last day on earth. Some day you will be right.



Live in the world as if only God and your soul were in it.


Live your life as though your every act were to become a universal law.

Living is no laughing matter, I meanliving must be your whole occupation.


Maybe it's not about the happy ending. Maybe it's about the story.

My life is about ups and downs, great joys and great losses.

To live is to war with trolls.

Syn: (mythological creature, gnome): duende, gnomo.

The important thing is to know what's important (and what isn't) (in your life).

The whole secret of existence is to have no fearNever fear what will become of you. Depend on no oneOnly the moment you reject all help are you freed. S. Vivekananda

There's always been a struggle between good and evil.

To achieve great things we must live as though we were never going to die. 

We love life, not because we are used to living but because we are used to loving.  Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

While there's life, there's hope. While there's life, there's fear.

You only live once, and life is tragically short. Learn how to live life to the fullest.

Does your life have a purpose? Is there a meaning to your existence

You need to carefully consider what is really important to you in your life. Is it becoming wealthy or being successful? Is it being free?

When it comes to life the critical thing is whether you take things for granted or take them with gratitude.

Two possibilities existeither we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are  equally terrifying.



We've got to laugh or break our hearts in this damnable world.
Whatever you do in life, surround yourself with smart people who'll argue with you.
When people say they hate life, to what are they comparing it to? The alternative isn't any more appealing.


When you really deep down look at it, we go to bed every night, get up every morning, stay here for 70 or 80 years, and then we die.


1.1. YOUTH

I am not young enough to know everything. Oscar Wilde

Youth is something I never wanna take for granted. I just want to smile and live life.

Youth is happy because it has the ability to see beauty. Anyone who keeps the ability to see beauty never grows old. Franz Kafka

I wouldn't be young again even if it were possible, but I am not going to pretend that growing old is all sweetness and light. Ruth Rendell
Noteif a person or situation is all sweetness and light, they are very pleasant, often in a way that seems false.


1.2 DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY & HUMAN RIGHTS

In order for there to be a democratic society, it is necessary to support and defend human rights.

In a democratic society freedom of expression and information are protected and government lack of concern in protecting them is a serious issue. Arzak Khan
     

1.3. HUMAN BEING

It takes billions of years to create a human being. And it takes only a few seconds to die.

                             
                 
2. HAPPINESS: peace of mind, fulfillment, joy, bliss, personal growth, freedom, feeling fulfilled and motivated (sense of fulfillment).

Although external behaviors and events have the ability to trigger off negative thoughts, that can only happen if you allow them to.

As the Stoics say, happiness is all about / depends (entirely on) the quality of the thoughts you put in your head. All you have to do is put the right ones in thereD. Williams

At the end of the day, life is about being happy being who you are.

In order to have great happiness you have to have great pain and unhappiness; otherwise how would you know when you're happy? Leslie Caron Being happy doesn't mean you are problem free. That kind of life doesn't exist.

Don't ever depend on others for happiness. Don't ever allow yourself to sit by the telephone waiting for someone to call you. That's awful.

Never explain yourself to anyone. You don't need anyone's approval. Live your life and do what makes you happy.

Being happy / Happipness is an inside job / your job. Don't give / assign anyone else that much power over your life. Mandy Hale.

Remember, being happy doesn't mean you have it all. It simply means you're thankful for all you have. Be thankful for what you have; (and) you'll end up having more.

Children have neither a past nor a future. Therefore / Thus they enjoy the present, which seldom happens to us.

Do what you love and do it often. The whole point of this is do what makes you happy and don't let anyone else tell you not to do it.

(Do you) want to be happy? Just be yourself.

Doing what you like is freedom. Liking what you do is happiness.

Doing what you love is no guarantee of being happy in your job. Sometimes you just gotta pay the bills and have fun on the weekends.

Don’t limit yourself to searching for pleasure. Enjoy everything and anything that makes you happy.

Everyone wants happiness. No one wants pain. But you can't have a rainbow, without  (having / getting) a little rain.

Happiness comes from realizing you're no longer unhappy.

Happiness consists in frequent repetition of pleasure. Shopenhauer 

Happiness depends entirely on / upon ourselves. This statement / quote from "The Philosopher", Aristotle, pretty much sums up the meaning of life for me. At least I know that is how my life works.

Happiness is an attitude of mind, born of the simple determination to be happy under all outward circumstances. J. Donald Walters

Happiness is not a destination, but rather a life-long pursuit. Joy can be anywhere at any time.

Happiness is not a possession to be prized, but a quality of thought, a state of mind.

I realised that to compare your insides with other people's outsides leads to  unhappiness. Marcus Brigstockel  

Happiness is not something you experience, but / it is something you remember. 

Happiness is the absence of the striving for happiness. To strive for something  insinuates the absence of something in one's life.  Chuang Tzu

Happiness is the interval between periods of unhappiness. Don Marquis

Happiness is essentially a state of going somewhere, wholeheartedly, one-directionally, without (feeling) regret or reservation.  

Syn; 1. (condition) estado: We are worried about the state of affairs. (estado de las cosas). 2. (sincerely, enthusiastically) totalmente adv con todo el corazón, sinceramente.

Happiness liesfirst of all, in health. George William Curtis

Happiness serves hardly any other purpose than to make unhappiness possible. 
Marcel Proust   

Happiness would be meaningless if not for sadness (and grief): Without the contrast of darkness, there is no light. 

He who has felt the deepest grief is best able to experience supreme happiness.


Here's a piece of advice: Never put your happiness in someone else's hands.

I cherish every tear, because if it were not for sadness I would not appreciate happiness. 

Inot events, have the power to make me happy or unhappy today. Yesterday is dead, tomorrow hasn't arrived yet. I have just one day, today, and I'm going to be happy in it. Groucho Marx,

I wish I had never been born, what are we born for? - For infinite happiness. You can step out into it at any moment ... 

I'd far rather be happy than right any day. Douglas Adams

If it were not for pain, the joys of life would go unseen. 

If it were not for sadness, gladness might not be appreciated.

Note: The difference between the two is one of style, were(n't) being more formal than was(n't). So, to answer your question, there's nothing wrong with "If it wasn't for holes, a bagel would be a bun" and for many native speakers it will be the natural construction to use.

If you expect others to make you happy, you will always be disappointed. No one can make you happy, nor can you make anyone else happy.

If you want others to be happy, practice compassion.

If you want to live a happy life, tie it to a goal, not to people or things. A. Einstein



In one way or another, we are paralyzed by the lack of understanding that true happiness comes from realizing our plans, beliefs, and hopes. 

In order for there to be happiness there must also be sadness (as a part of life).

In order for there to be happiness, there (also) has to be sadness. In order for there to be light, there has to be darkness. Be kind to yourselves.

In order for there to be happiness, there (also) has to be someone experiencing the opposite.

It is not what happens, but what you think about it that determines the way / how you feel. Epictetus


It isn't what you have or who you are or where you are or what you are doing that makes you happy or unhappy. It is what you think about. Dale Carnegie

Joy would not exist if it were not for sadness and vice versa.

Keep smiling, because life is a beautiful thing and there's so much to smile about.

Life's greatest happiness is to be convinced we are loved.

Passion and satisfaction go hand in hand, and without them, any happiness is only temporary, because there's nothing to make it last. Nicholas Sparks


Realize that it's not happiness that makes us grateful, but gratefulness that makes us happy. Every moment is a gift of life.

Regardless of all the negative events that often occur in our lives, we can all maintain our happiness by learning to interpret whatever circumstances we deal with in a positive light. 

Rules for Happiness: something to do, someone to love, something to hope for. I.Kant

So how can we attain happiness? For us to do this, we need to take personal responsibili- ty for our own happiness. We have to accept the fact that our happiness is our choice and something to be found within us.

Some argue that happiness is not having what want, but wanting what you have. Rabbi Hyman Schachtel.

Some days are just bad days, that's all. You have to experience sadness to know happiness, and I remind myself that not every day is going to be a good day, that's just the way it is! Dita Von Teese

Some (people) cause happiness wherever they go, (while) others whenever they go.

Sometimes it takes sadness to know happiness, noise to appreciate silence, and absence to value presence.

The greatest happiness is to know the source of unhappiness. Fyodor Dostoevsky

The question is not what you look at, but what you see. Henry David Thoreau. 

The search for happiness is one of the chief sources of unhappiness. Eric Hoffer

The truth ismost of our favourite memories are built off of the experiences we’ve had, usually with other people! And, since science tells us that remembering good memories makes us happier, we’ve got to keep making good memories to look back on.

The word 'happiness' would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by sadness / were it not for the fact that it is balanced by sadness. Carl Jung

There has to be love / trust in order for there to be happiness. 

There must be hardship / sadness in order for there to be happiness. you can't have one without (having) the other, somehow.

There is neither happiness nor misery in the world; there is only the comparison of one state with / to another, nothing more. Alexandre Dumas

There need not be perfection on earth for there to be happiness.

There is neither happiness nor misery in the world; there is only the comparison of one state with another, nothing more.

The two enemies of human happiness are pain and boredom. Arthur Schopenhauer

There is only one sensible thing to do with this empty existence and that is to fill it. And, in my opinion, (until I change it), life is best filled by learning as much as you can about as much as you cantaking pride in whatever you're doing, having compassion, sharing ideas, being enthusiastic and running!.

To find out what one is fitted to do, and to secure an opportunity to do it, is the key to happiness. John Dewey

Syn: be competent to do (the job): ser competente, tener las capacidades.

True happiness lies in memories and hopes. Georgios Drossinis

True happiness comes from realizing we are everything, and that there is no real “you” involved in the first place.

True happiness... is not attained through self-gratification, but through fidelity to a worthy purpose. Helen Keller

Syn: a worthy successor (digno, noble, deserving, 2. a valuable action (valiosa)

Truth or happiness. Never both.


We choose our joys and sorrows long before we experience them.

We have a tendency to define ourselves in opposition to stuff. But try to also express your passion for things you love. Be pro-stuff, instead of / not just anti-stuff.

Syn: prone to forget names; accident-prone having a tendency or inclination;  being likely: Creative people are more prone to depression. Adam Ant; Growing up, I was prone to anxiety. Jane McGonigal.

We must laugh before we are happy, for fear of dying without having laughed at all.

When it comes to being happy, there's no right or wrong. It's just a battle between your happiness and their judgement.

You are responsible for your own happiness. Being responsible means stopping blaming / not blaming others (as well as yourself) for feeling unhappy / your unhappiness / how you feel / what(ever) happens to you. Stop blaming the world for your problems / your lack of control. 

You can't be happy unless you're unhappy sometimes. Lauren Oliver.

You must try to generate happiness within yourself. If you aren't happy in one place, chances are you won't be happy any place. 
Syn. Certain or likely to happen (but not certain), probable

Your happiness doesnt depend on anybody but yourself.

Note: at last (finally, after a long time) vs "at the end": In the endthe movie was worth it because of the murder we watched at the end.

Youth is happy because it has the ability to see beauty. Anyone who keeps the ability to see beauty never grows old. Franz Kafka

We wouldn't have a word or an understanding of happiness without feeling sadness.


Why do people wait for things to happen instead of making them happen? Many people do just that. They wait. They wait for someone or something to make them happy.

(How) can there be Happiness without (feeling) sadness / suffering? you can't have one without (having) the other, somehow. 


2.1 PEACE OF MIND: inner peace.

Love and peace of mind do protect us. They allow us to overcome the problems that life hands us. Bernie Siegel

You'll never find peace of mind until you listen to your heart. George Michael

Do not overrate what you have received, nor envy others. He who envies others does not obtain peace of mind. Buddha

Peace of mind for five minutes, that's what I crave. Alanis Morissette

Learning to ignore things is one of the great paths to inner peace.


2.2 PERSONAL GROWTH

I am saying that once you learn to enjoy being alone, you’re going to grow as a person.

For my own personal growth I had to set out on my own. Frank Press 

I think personal growth has much to do with acting ability. Beverly D'Angelo

There are many phases in the personal growth process, and they don't look the same in any two people's lives. Life is its own education.


Syn: instruction, training, (formacion, instruccion, entrenamiento, educacion)


2.3. FREEDOM

I think the key is not to try to feel like you have to do something special.


Don't depend too much on anyone in this world. Even your shadow leaves you when you are in darkness.


2.4. SENSE / FEELING OF FULFIL(L)MENT

Playing and listening to music gives you a sense of fulfilment because you have to put everything in you at its disposal. Daniel Barenboim 

Syn: (availability for use) disposición, disponibilidad.



3. PERSONALITY: confidence, self-confidence, independence, maturity, courage, resolution, shyness, introversion, extra/oversion, jelousy, envy.

A quiet personality sure isn't what you need to attract attention. Bill Budge

All that we are is the result of what we have thought.

What you are will show in what you do.

In Hamlet, Ophelia states "Lord we know what we are, but know not what we may be."  

(Truth is) I’m not hard to please at all, I’m just not easily impressed.

Mavericks are nonconformists. They pride themselves on going it alone. 

There's a personal me, there's an actor me and there's a star me.

I'm not what I have done, I'm what I've overcome.

I believe in rules. Sure I doIf there weren't any rules, how could you break them?

Never explain yourself to anyone. You don't need anyone's approval. Live your life and do what makes you happy.

Don't settle for maybes, what ifs, and excuses. Get to the bottom of things. Don't depend on anyone but yourself (and your family)

The Dangerous Passion: why jealousy is as necessary as love and sex. Do's and don'ts.


The way you dress is an expression of your personality. Alessandro Michele

Exploring the dark side of my characters' personality is my forte. Vijay Deverakonda

Sexiness is all about your personality, being genuine and confident, and being a good person. Erin Heatherton 

Always be yourself, express yourself, have faith in yourself, do not go out and look for a successful personality and duplicate it. Bruce Lee

Be peaceful, be courteous, obey the law, respect everyone; but if someone puts his hand on you, send him to the cemetery. Malcolm X

Your beliefs don't make you a better person. Your behaviour does.

(Way too much coffe, but) If it wasn't for the coffee, I'd have no identifiable personality whatsover. David Letterman

Seriousness is the only refuge of the shallow. Oscar Wilde

Your background and environment is with you for life. No question about that.

Synthere is no question (it is indisputable): no cabe duda, es indiscutible.
There's no denying (the fact that): used for saying that something is clearly true:
There’s no denying her popularity. there’s no denying (that): There’s no denying that he was a great man. 
Synonyms and related words (Ways of emphasizing that something is true or exact: actually, certainly, clearly...

Today you are You, that is truer than true. There is no one alive who is Youer than You.

I always find it more difficult to say the things I mean than the things I don't. W. Somerset Maugham

Maturity is the ability to reap without apology and not complain when things don't go well. Jim Rohn 

We know what we are, but know not what we may be. (which means we know how we are now, but there is no telling what will happen to us in the future. (Shakespeare's Hamlet)


3.1. CONFIDENCE: self-confidence, self-assertion, self-steem, self-acceptance, self-love, COURAGE / RESOLUTION (determination)

Note: self-assertion n (confident expression of opinions): asertividad

I say what I want to say and do what I want to do. There is no in between. People will either love you for it or hate you for it. Eminem 


I'd rather annoy with the truth than please with adulation. Seneca

I'd rather be hated for who I am than loved for who I am not.

Why does there have to be a reason for everything? There doesn't have to be a reason for doing the things I do unless I want there to be

Why does there have to be a reason for everything? You don't have to talk about anything you don't want to.

In order to achieve any goals in life you need to have faith in yourself and your goals.

There will be haters, there will be doubters, There will be non-believers, and then there will be YOU, proving them wrong

Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter and those who matter don't mind. Dr. Seuss

Syn.(in an intermediate position) entremedio adv en medio.


Remaind yourself that it's OK not to be perfect. 

Believe you can and you're halfway there. Theodore Roosevelt

Note. halfway. inf. fig. (somewhat, un poco, a medias): It's hard to get a halfway decent cup of coffee around here.


We have to dare to be ourselves, however strange that self may prove to be. M. Sarton.

One thing I want you to understand is if I make a decision, it's my decision. M. Singletary
Note: decision(-)maker/maker.

If I was gay, why wouldn't I admit itIt wouldn't harm me. Simon Cowell

I'm still me, no matter if I'm gay or straight or whatever. Elvis Duran
Syn: heterosexual, (hetero)

I'd like to have more self-esteem. but I don't deserve it.

My inferiority complex isn't as good as everyone else's.

Self-acceptance and self-love is the key to inner peace and contentment. (happy satisfaction, joy)

Confidence comes from realizing that you are worthy of being heard. Break the habit ofcriticizing yourself, your ideas and your writing. 



3.2. TRUST

Trust is like an eraser it gets smaller and smaller after every mistake.


3.3. CHARM

You know what charm is?: a way of getting the answer yes without having / having to ask(ed) any clear question.' (Albert Camus)



4. SUCCESS: failure, money (wealth, economic / financial independence, lack of money),  leadership

A man is a success if he gets up in the morning and goes to bed at night and in between does what he wants to do. Bob Dylan

Always do your bestWhat you plant now, you will harvest later.

Try not to become a man of success, but rather (try to become) a man of value. A. Einstein

And woman, I will try to express my inner feelings and thankfulness for showing me the meaning of success. (John Lennon, "Woman")

I've failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed. M. Jordan

If you want a thing done well, do it yourself.

If you want something go get it. Period.


The secret of getting things done is to act!

If you’re not making mistakes, you’re not taking enough risk.


If it is important to you, you will find a way. If not, you'll find an excuse.

If you're successful and stressed out, you're succeeding in spite of your stress, not because ofit.


It is amazing what you can accomplish if you do not care who gets the credit.

Success is a lousy teacher. It seduces smart people into thinking they can't lose.

To succeed in life, you need two things: ignorance and confidence. All you need is ignorance and confidence and the success is sure. 

Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value.


4.1 FAILURE

I've failed over and over and over again in my lifeAnd that is why I succeed. M. Jordan

I have not failed. I've just found 10000 ways that won't work. 

We learn from failure, not (from) success!

Just because you fail once doesn’t mean you’re gonna fail at everything.


4.2. MONEY: (wealth, economic / financial independence, lack of money),

There comes a time when money doesn't matter any more.

Lack of economic independence forces many women to stay in violent relationships. The Violence Against Women Act of 1994 

When you reach a status in life where money doesn't matter any longer and you are older, your next step is to help mankind.

The whole secret of existence is to have no fear. Never fear what will become of you, depend on no one. Only the moment you reject all help are you freed. S. Vivekananda

Wealth does not buy happiness, but it comes pretty close.

What's money? A man is a success if he gets up in the morning and goes to bed at night and in between does what he wants to doBob Dylan

Without financial independence, there is neither freedom nor equality.


4.3. (FINANCIAL / ECONOMIC) INDEPENDENCE



The whole secret of existence is to have no fear. Never fear what will become of you, depend on no one. Only the moment you reject all help are you freed. S. Vivekananda


4.4. LEADERSHIP

Management is nothing more than motivating other people.


Before someone will get the guts to monitor your life, he must get the keyboard of humility. To be a humble person, (humility) is a priority in leadership!
 



5. SOLITUDE & LONELINESS: singlehood / bachelorhood, living alone, being alone, being lonely, chastity / celibacy

Solitude is pleasant. Loneliness is not. Anna Neagle.

Solitude is not the same as loneliness. Solitude is a solitary boat floating in a sea of possible companions. Robert Fulghum

Loneliness is, like, when you wish someone else was there (with you to share the fun), and solitude is when you enjoy being alone.

Whosoever / Whoever is delighted in solitude is either a wild beast or a god. F. Bacon.
Note: whoever person (quienquiera, cualquiera que)

(When you start to enjoy being alone, you’ll quickly see that) solitude means you don’t have to keep apologizing for what you’ve done. So oftenwe do things that end up upsetting other people, or hurting someone else’s feelings.

Againwhen you’re surrounded by other people all the time, you’re constantly trying to read, and cater to, the other persons’s emotions. So much sothat you could end up losing touch with your own. 

Great men are like eagles, and build their nest on some lofty solitude. A. Schopenhauer
Syn: high (goals), 2. arrogant, 3. tall.


5.1 BEING ALONE

A writer is never alone, he is always with himself. Bangambiki Habyarimana.

There's one thing worse than being alone: wishing you were. Bob Steele.

Paradoxically, the ability to be alone is the condition for the ability to love. (The art of loving: An inquiry into the nature of love, Erich Fromm) 

All of our unhappiness comes from our inability to be alone. Jean de la Bruyere 

We are all born alone and die alone. The loneliness is definitely part of the journey of life. Jenova Chen  

When you’re alone, you don’t have to apologize for anything. And that takes a lot of pressure out of most situations. You get to stop second guessing everything you say, or every move you make because you’re afraid someone is going to be offended, or saddened, and angered.

Note: to criticize or question; to guess what someone will do in the future.

Some people think of “being alone” as a bad thing. It either means you’re anti-social, or unwanted, neither of which are a good position to be in.

I am saying that once you learn to enjoy being alone, you’re going to grow as a person.

When you start to enjoy / enjoying being alone / on your own / single, you’ll gain a greater perspective for your own emotions. You’ll create a deeper understanding of what makes you happy, what upsets you, and what saddens you.

Once you enjoy being alone, you’ll feel more confident in your ability to actually be alone. And that naturally leads to you feeling more independent. 

You’ll no longer feel that anxiety, or burning desire for company once you learn to enjoy being alone. You won’t feel the need for constant interaction with other people, or the anxiety associated with looking around and seeing no one but yourself.

You’ll get a break from constantly trying to keep other people happy.

Once you’re alone, the only person’s happiness you have to worry about in that moment, is your own. You can treat yourself to thing that makes you happy, but may have upset someone else.

You won’t have to apologize for anything. You’ll stop looking for validation. So often we feel we the need to get the “OK” from our friends and family before we take action. 


Of course, there are times when it’s not only perfectly acceptable to ask for advice, but downright necessaryBut there are also times where you’re perfectly capable of acting on your own instead of looking to others for an answer.
When you start to spend more time alone, you’ll learn to trust your instincts and make decisions without any third party validation.

5.2. LIVING ALONE

Living alone makes it harder to find someone to blame.

It took living alone for me to really get to know myself. Camila Mendes


You know, one of my fears about living alone so long is that you get used to doing everything your own way. Terry McMillan

It's amazing living alone. I'm very lucky. It's like a refuge. Paloma Faith

I've lived on my own since I was 18, and I really love living alone. That, to me, is just great. Danielle Fishel


I am convinced that living alone shapes the personality. Mary Douglas 


5.3. LONELINESS / FEELING LONELY

It's lonely at the top; but you do eat better.

If you're lonely when you're alone, you're in bad company. Jean-Paul Sartre

Remember: the time you feel lonely is the time you most need to be by yourself. Life's cruelest ironyDouglas Coupland.

The longer you have to wait for something, the more you will appreciate it when it finally arrives. All good things are worth waiting for and worth fighting for.

Looking for love when you're lonely is like going shopping when you're hungry. You'll end up with / getting something to (temporarily) satisfy you but it's never good for you in the long run.

If you are (ever) afraid of lonelinessdon't marry / don't (ever) get married." Chekhov. 

People are much / a lot / way / far lonelier than they used to be.

Treat loneliness as an old friend who’s dropped in for a visit (despite not having received an invitation).

Nobody gets their way all the time and, let’s face it, life isn’t always fun. This is true for everyone. The bottom line is that loneliness is one of those unpleasant  moments in your life. 


It’s almost impossible to feel lonely when you’re singing. I’ve tried it, and it works. I know from personal experience that loneliness can be hard to bear.

No feeling is final. If you can be patient with your loneliness, it’s likely that by tomorrow, it will have eased a bit. All emotions are impermanent (temporary). They arise and pass, arise and pass.
Syn. Syn: n. lack of difficulty, relief, comfort, fig. peace of mind. 2. V. reduce pressure / tension, relieve, loosen, relax. final (will not change, definitivo)




6. LOVE: marriage, family, friends


At this point in my life I'd like to live as if only love mattered


Don't ignore the love you do have in your life by focusing on the love you don't.


Love yourself no matter what.

There might not be a tomorrow. Today is the day to express your love and admiration.

Why does there always have to be an end to everything? I don't want tomorrow to come. I want you to hold me here forever. 

I would rather die of passion than of boredom.


6.1. MARRIAGE 

A man in love is incomplete until he has married. Then he's finished. Zsa Zsa Gabor
 

A successful marriage requires falling in love many times, always with the same person.
 
A happy marriage is a matter of giving and taking; the husband gives and the wife takes.

A happy marriage is a long conversation which always seems too short.



All that a husband or wife really wants is to be pitied a little, praised a little, and appreciated a little.

As to marriage or celibacy, let a man take the course he will, he will be sure to repent. 

By all means, marry. If you get a good wife, you'll become happy; if you get a bad one, you'll become a philosopher.

Choose a wife rather by your ear than your eye. An ideal wife is any woman who has an ideal husband.

Don't be fretting... about me marrying. Marrying's a trouble and not marrying's a trouble and I sticks to the trouble I knows. L.M. Montgomery

Don't marry the person you think you can live with; marry only the individual you think you can't live without. James C. Dobson

Getting married is very much like going to the restaurant with friends. You order what you want, and when you see what the other fellow has, you wish you had ordered that. 

Happy is the man who finds a true friend, and far / way happier is he who finds that true friend in his wife.

I don't want to be married just to be married. I can't think of anything lonelier than  spending the rest of my life with someone I can't talk to, or (even) worse, someone I can't be silent with.

I have learned that only two things are necessary to keep one's wife happy.  First, let her think she's having her own way. And second, let her have  it.

If you are afraid of loneliness, don't / do not marry. Anton Chekhov.

If you're not married, chances are you think a lot about yourself.

If you don't want to be alone, don't be !!!! 

In every marriage more than a week old, there are grounds for divorce. The trick is to find and continue to find grounds for marriage. 

It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. Jane Austen, The opening sentence of "Pride and Prejudice."

It's true that all men are born free and equal, but some of them get married!

It is not a lack of love, but a lack of friendship that makes unhappy marriages.

It is true that love is blind but marriage is definitely an eye-opener.

Keep your eyes wide open before marriage, half shut afterwards.

Marrying for love may be a bit risky, but it is so honest that God can't help but smile on it.

(You know what) they say: Marriage is give and take. You'd better give it to her or she'll take it anyway.

(Indeed), marriage is a matter of give-and-take. Whether its having an argument or making a marriage work, it does take two to tango.

Marriage is a matter of give and take; nothing can / could be further from the truth; so what your husband doesn't give you, you have to take.

Marriage is neither heaven nor hell, it is simply purgatory.

Marriage is not a word, but / it's a sentence; a life sentence.

Marriage is not about (being the "right") age; it's about finding / being with the right person.


Marriage is an adventure, like going to war.

Marriage can wait, education cannot.

A good marriage would be between a blind wife and a deaf husband.

Marriage is a full-time job; wooing is your application, courtship your interview, engagement your job offer, and honeymoon, your orientation.

Marriage is like mushrooms: we notice too late if they are good or bad.

Marriage is love. Love is blind. Therefore, marriage is an institution for the blind.

Marriage is not just having a wife, but also worries inherited forever. 


Men marry women with the hope they will never change. Women marry men with the hope they will change. Invariably they are both disappointed. Albert Einstein.

Never marry at all, Dorian. Men marry because they are tired, women, because they are curious: both are disappointed.

One should be always in love. That is the reason (why) / That's why one should never marry.


Only after I faced the unhappiness of my first marriage did I start on the path of personal growth. Judith Wright

Seeing unhappiness in the marriage of friends / others, I was content to have chosen music and laughter as a substitute for a husband. Elsa Maxwell

Some people claim that marriage interferes with romance. There's no doubt about it. Anytime you have a romance, your wife is bound to interfere. Groucho Marx 

Success in marriage does not come merely through finding the right mate, but through
being the right mate.  

The first time you marry for love, the second for money, and the third for companionship

The secret of a happy marriage remains a secret.

The trouble with some women is that they get all excited about nothing - and then marry him. Cher 

There may be good, but there are no pleasant marriages.

They say marriage is like a workshop. (Where) the man works and the women shops.
version: My husband and I are doing a workshop, He works and I shop.

There is nothing in the world like the devotion of a married woman. It is a thing no married man knows anything about.

There was this man who muttered a few words in the church and found himself married. A year later he muttered something in his sleep and found himself divorced. 

To keep your marriage brimming whenever you're wrong, admit it; whenever you're right, shut up.

Syn: (healthy, strong, fresh)

To marry is to halve (to reduce by half) your rights and double your duties. 

(In our monogamous part of the world), to marry means to halve one's rights and double one's duties. Arthur Schopenhauer

What makes men indifferent to their wives is that they can see them when they please.

When a man is single, he's incomplete. When he's married, he's finished

Women leave their marriages when they can't take any more. Men leave when they find someone new.

Women marry men hoping they will change. Men marry women hoping they will not. So each is inevitably disappointed. Albert Einstein.

Your husband is not responsible for your happiness. Ngina Otiende 


6.2. FAMILY 

Get to know your parents. You never know when they'll be gone for goodBe nice to your siblings. They're your best link to your past and the people most likely to stick with you in the future. 

Syn: a brother or sister: I have four siblings: three brothers and a sister.


find it hard to get along with my mother-in-law.

Stop looking for validation (from others). So often we feel we the need to get the “OK” from our friends and family before we take action. 


6.3. FRIENDSHIP

Can't I ask you to do something without there having to be a reason (for it)?

I’d rather annoy with the truth than please with adulation. Seneca

I'd rather you hurt me with the truth, than mislead me with a lie.

It is not a lack of love, but a lack of friendship that makes unhappy marriages. Friedrich Nietzsche 




7. ADVERSITY: unhappiness, suffering, sorrow, discouragement, sadness, worry misfortune(s), sorrow(s), injustice, pain, melancholy, bulling, betrayal, defeat.

Suffering, failure, loneliness, sorrow, discouragement, and death will be part of your journey, but the Kingdom of God will conquer all these horrors. Brennan Manning

For there to be betrayal, there would have to have been trust first.

All of our unhappiness comes from our inability to be alone. Jean de la Bruyere

Always forgive your enemies. Nothing annoys them so much.

A problem is a chance for you to do your best. 

If there is anything more annying in the world than having people talk about you, it is certainly having no one talk about you. 


NoteI had my brother sweep the floor; I had my brother repair my bicycle; I had my bicycle repaired yesterday; I had my bicycle fixed by my brother.

At times, I've been incapacitated by anxiety and unhappiness. You really know what joy is if you have experienced the opposite. Cornelia Parker

Feeling sad is without (the shadow of) a doubt better than not feeling nothing at all.

I don't want to get hung up on what 'people,' that nebulous mass, think about me. That's the way to unhappiness, I think. Monica Ali 
Note: coloq. fig, slang (preoccupied) (coloquial): obsesionado con.

I often think you bring unhappiness on yourself, because if you don't like yourself very much, you allow yourself to be influenced by people who reinforce that. Lynn Johnston

I think one thing that does cause unhappiness is prolonged anxiety and worry. Derek Bok

I used to be so intensely preoccupied by unhappiness... now there are times where you might get down, but you can move on much faster now. Kristin Scott Thomas

If thou suffer injustice, console thyself; the true unhappiness is in doing it. Democritus

Just try to be happy. Unhappiness starts with wanting to be happier. Sam Levenson

My personal advice is not to think too hard about how you feel because the inside alone is an unchanging void, and only the outside can really change the inside.

Music is a weapon in the war against unhappiness. Jason Mraz

Depression, as far as I'm concerned, is just a waste of time.

Nothing is funnier than unhappiness, I grant you that. Yes, yes, it's the most comical thing in the world. Samuel Beckett

Syn. I admit it: I like to talk / am a romantic. I admit it; I am ... stubborn, (and) I admit it, so it's OK; I've got a big ego, I admit it; I'm ego-driven. Eli Broad

People - running from unhappiness, hiding in power - are locked within their reputations, ambitions, beliefs. Richard Avedon

Sixty minutes of thinking of any kind is bound to lead to confusion and unhappiness. James Thurber

The misfortunes hardest to bear are those which never happen. James Russell Lowell.

The more you know who you are and what you want, the less you let things upset you.

The search for happiness is one of the chief sources of unhappiness. Eric Hoffer

The strongest predictor of unhappiness is anyone who has had a mental illness in the last 10 years. It is an even stronger predictor of unhappiness than poverty - which also ranks highly.  Polly Toynbee

There is no truer cause of unhappiness amongst men than, where naturally expecting charity and benevolence, they receive harm and vexation. Francois Rabelais    

There is a beauty in sadness I think. It amplifies my emotions. Also without it, happiness wouldn't mean as much (to us).
                                  
There is nothing in the world so much admired as a man who knows how to bear unhappiness with courage. Lucius Annaeus Seneca

There's something that the heart cannot bear, unhappiness remembering happiness.
Euripides

Too much sensibility creates unhappiness and too much insensibility creates crime. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand

Truth is, everyone is going to hurt you; you just gotta find the ones worth suffering for.

Unhappiness is best defined as the difference between our talents and our expectations. Edward de Bono

Unhappiness is not knowing what we want and killing ourselves to get it. Don Herold

Unhappiness is something we are never taught about; we are taught to expect happiness, but never a Plan B to use twhen the happiness doesn't arrive. D. Coupland

You can have a lot of unhappiness by not having money, but the reverse is no guarantee of being happy / happiness. Philip Kaufman

We create our own unhappiness. The purpose of suffering is to help us understand we are the ones who cause it. Willie Nelson

We should not give up and we should not allow the problem to defeat us. Abdul Kalam

What leads to unhappiness, is making pleasure the chief aim. William Shenstone


7.1. WORRY

I am a / (an anxious) worrier. I tend to do something about what I worry about. T. Lutke

I worry too much about the present to worry about the future. Finn Balor

I never worry about fat people worrying about thin people, because slender people bury the dead. Eileen Ford

I'm scared about everything. I'm an anxious worrier. I worry about the downside of everything.

I don't mind worriers, I said. Worrying is the correct worldview (1). Life is worrisome (2)
Syn: 1 outlook, mindset, attitude, mentality: forma de ver la vida, vision del mundo, 2. worrying, disturbing alarming (preocupante, inquietante, alarmante)

I have no regrets. I don't believe in looking back. What I am proudest of? Working really hard... and achieving as much as I could. Elena Kagan

Suddenly I was worried not about what I was writing, but how I was going to write it. That was a real breakthrough for me as a writer.

The biggest mistake people make in life is worrying what everyone else thinks. Praveen Chinnam

When you leave your chest physician's room, you are worried, not about what you have, but about what you might get.

When you're young you have no worries, no drama, only your imagination. It's the best! Devon Werkheiser


When you find yourself worrying about a future event because you are picturing a negative outcomeyou are, in effect, saying, “I can predict the future.” But, the fact isyou can't, and you are worried about what may happen, not what will happen. 

Why does there always have to be something to be worried (or upset) about even when I'm reasonably okay?

Note: 1. O.K., okay adj informal (healthy, not unwell) bien, 2. emotionally fine: Are you feeling OK? You seem to be stressed today. 

Worrying works! 90% of the things I worry about never (get to) happen.

Worry itself serves no purpose unless it spurs a plan of action.


Write first, worry later. (Criticism doesn't worry me). David Farr


7.2. SUFFERING

Marriage is a three ring circus: engagement RING, wedding RING, and suffeRING.

Only through experience and suffering can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired, and success achieved. Helen Keller

Tell your heart that the fear of suffering is worse than the suffering itself.


7.3. BULLYING (harassment n (work, sexual) (laboral, sexual) acoso
Bullying is never fun, it's a cruel and terrible thing to do to someone. If you are being bullied, it is not your fault. No one deserves to be bullied, ever. Raini Rodriguez


I realized that bullying never has to do with you. It's the bully who's insecure. S. Mitchel

Bullying is killing our kids. Being different is killing our kids and the kids who are bullying are dying inside. We have to save our kids whether they are bullied or (they are) bullying (others) They are all in pain. Cat Cora

I think everyone deals with bullying; whether they are bullied or bullying others, and I think its obvious that I went through that too. 

You can't be against bullying without actually doing something about it. R. Weingarten 


7.4. DEFEAT


A good man would prefer to be defeated than to defeat injustice by evil means. Sallust

A man is not finished when he's defeated. He's finished when he quits. Richard Nixon   

Note: 1. (inf. estas acabado): If you touch my Xbox again, you are finished!, 2. terminar, completar: Sir, you are finished, right? Can I take your plate?Señor, ya terminó, ¿cierto? ¿Le retiro el plato?; Congratulations, you are finished with the school year

A person who struggles is not afraid of defeat.

But man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated. E. Hemingway 


7.5. REGRET

I'd rather regret doing something than not doing something. 

If you aren't in the moment, you are either looking forward to uncertainty, or back to pain and regret. Jim Carrey

I regret not having had more time with my kids when they were growing up. Tina Turner

Make it a rule of life never to regret and never to look back. Regret is an appalling waste of energy; it's only good for wallowing in. Katherine Mansfield

Syn: figurative (dwell on sth bad): dar vueltas sobre algo.

I don't have nothing to regret at all in the past, except that I might've unintentionally hurt somebody else or something.

Usually, people have a tendency to be caught in the worries concerning the future or in the regret concerning the past.  Thich Nhat Hanh

I think, from every actor I've ever spoken to, they say the biggest thing they regret from life is not finishing school. Tom Holland


7.6. FEAR

Fears are nothing more than a state of mind. 

Note: estado de animo / mental, modo de pensar, 



8. WISDOM: intelligence, common sense, insight (understanding, intuition), education.

A goal is not always meant to be reached, it often serves simply as something to aim at. - Bruce Lee 

The wise person often shuns society for fear of being bored. Jean de la Bruyere

An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.

We are what we repeatedly do. Greatness then, is not an act, but a habit.

Train yourself to let go of everything you fear to lose.

One should live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.

To achieve greatness one should live as if they will never die.

To accomplish great things we must not only act, but also dream; not only plan, but also believe. 


I don't (really/even) think in terms of projects / God / ambition / goals

All human wisdom is contained in these two words, 'Wait and Hope'.

Chance is the first step you take, luck is what comes afterward.

Dance, even if you have nowhere to do it but your living room. 


Don't ask what your country can do for you. Ask instead what you can do for your country.

Do not underestimate the 'power of underestimation'. They can't stop you, if they don't see you coming. Izey Victoria Odiase

Education is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that  nothing that is worth knowing can be taught.

Education is what you learn after you leave / leaving school. 

Either write something worth reading or do something worth writing.

Everything changes but change.

Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people.

Happiness serves hardly any other purpose than to make unhappiness possible. Proust  

Have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary

I have never let my schooling interfere with my education. Education consists mainly of what we have unlearned. Mark Twain

If you don't have enough time, stop watching TV.

In this world there are only two tragedies; one is not getting what one wants, the other is getting it. Oscar Wilde

It is not what happens, but what you think about it that determines the way / how you feel. Epictetus

It is only with the heart that one can see rightly. What is essential is invisible to the eye.

Maybe it's not about the happy ending. Maybe it's about the story. Happiness is a direction not a destination.

People understand me so poorly that they don't even understand my complaint about them not understanding me. Soren Kierkegaard 

Stay low (1), stay quiet, keep it simple, don't expect too much, enjoy what you have. D. Kontz 

Syn: Lay low figurative (not draw attention to yourself). tener un perfil bajo. (1) don't draw attention to yourself

Study as if you were going to live forever; live as if you were going to die tomorrow.

The great events of the world take place in the brain.

The most wasted of all days is one without laughter.

The only thing worse than being blind is having sight but no vision.

The whole secret of existence is to have no fearNever fear what will become of you. Depend on no oneOnly the moment you reject all help are you freed. S. Vivekananda

There's something delicious about finding fault with something. And that can be including finding fault with one's self, you know?


8.1. INTELLIGENCE / CLEVERNESS

It's the people who try to be clever who never are; the people who are clever never think of trying to be. Gilbert Parker.


8.2 COMMON SENSE

It is a thousand times better to have common sense without education than to have education without common sense. 


8.3. UNDERSTANDING

Why does there have to be a reason for everything? There doesn't have to be a reason for doing the things I do unless I want there to be

Does there always have to be a why for everything?

If you want to learn, then teach. Cícero


8.4. INTUITION (insight)

Maybe – just maybe – your gut-level feeling that you shouldn’t be doing something is right. 


8.5. WIT

A bore is a person who talks so much about himself that you can't talk about yourself.



9 FEELINGS:  melancholy, nostalgia, reluctance, boredom, envy, fear, fulfilment (accomplishment: realización), peace (quiet, tranquillity, mental calm), sadness, satisfaction, sexual desire, sympathy (compassion, affection, support), satisfaction (fulfilment of desire), triumph (rejoicing at success: jubilo, victory), stress, worry


9.1. RELUCTANCE

The only thing standing between you and your dreams is ... reluctance. (unwillingness)
Syn: hesitance/y; indecision: indecision, reticencia, vacilación.


When I have reached a summit, I leave it with great reluctance, unless it is to reach for another, higher one. Gustav Mahler


9.2. MELANCHOLY:
Note: The main difference between melancholy and nostalgia is that melancholy refers to a gloomy state of mind whereas nostalgia refers to longing for or remembering the past.

Melancholy, indeedshould be diverted by every means but drinking. 
Samuel Johnson 

Nostalgia isn't what it used to be. Peter De Vries

I don't like nostalgia unless it's mine. Lou Reed

I don't think nostalgia has to be negative. Van Morrison

As a historian, I've spent much of my career warning people about the dangers of nostalgia. Stephanie Coontz

I went through a phase where I thought nostalgia was a bad thing. D. Argento

But with writers, there's nothing wrong with melancholy. It's an important color in writing. Paul McCartney 

Men are much oftener thrown on their knees by the melancholy than by the agreeable passions. David Hume 

Melancholy' is prettier than 'depression'; it connotes a kind of nocturnal grace. Makes one feel more innocently beleaguered. Margo Jefferson

Syn: harass, trouble, annoy (acosado)

I was a slightly melancholy child and I think films were a way of escaping for me. Charlie Hunnam 


9.3. BOREDOM

Jump out the window if you are the object of passion. Flee it if you feel it. Passion goes, boredom remains. Coco Chanel

Syn: (run away from): huir

Without lies humanity would perish of despair and boredom. Anatole France







              







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PROFICIENCY BOOK

THE PROFICIENCY BOOK ARTICLES . The use of the articles in English. Life is all memory, except for the one present moment that goes by you ...