PERSONALITIES

PERSONALITIES

FEELINGS & EMOTIONS

What’s The Difference Between Feelings And Emotions?

Although the two words are used interchangeably, there are distinct differences between feelings and emotions. Ok. Big deal. Well, it kind of is a big deal because understanding the difference between the two can help you change unhealthy behaviors and find more happiness and peace in your life. Feelings and emotions are two sides of the same coin and highly interconnected but are two very different things.

The Basic Differences Between Emotions and Feelings

Emotions are event-driven, while feelings are learned behaviors that are usually in hibernation until triggered by an external event. Unlike happiness for example (a feeling), joy (an emotion) involves little cognitive awareness—we feel good without consciously deciding to—and it’s longer lasting. Whereas happiness is usually induced by and dependent on outside conditions, joy is something we experience more deeply; it’s a state of being that’s not necessarily tied to external situations. While happiness is a state of mind based on circumstances, joy is an internal feeling that disregards circumstances.
Here are some examples of different feelings and emotions and how they differ one from another:

Feelings	Emotions
Feelings tell us “how to live.”	Emotions tell us what we “like” and “dislike.”
Feelings state: “There is a right and wrong way to be.”	Emotions state: “There are good and bad actions.”
Feelings state: “Your emotions matter.“	Emotions state: “The external world matters.“
Feelings establish our long term attitude toward reality.	Emotions establish our initial attitude toward reality.
Feelings alert us to anticipated dangers and prepares us for action.	Emotion alert us to immediate dangers and prepares us for action
Feelings ensure long-term survival of self. (body and mind.)	Emotions ensure immediate survival of self. (body and mind.)
Feelings are low-key but sustainable.	Emotions are intense but temporary.
Happiness is a feeling.	Joy is an emotion.
Worry is a feeling.	Fear is an emotion.
Contentment is a feeling.	Enthusiasm is an emotion.
Bitterness is a feeling.	Anger is an emotion.
Love is a feeling.	Attraction is an emotion.

Feelings Inventory 

The following are words we use when we want to express a combination of emotional states and physical sensations. This list is neither exhaustive nor definitive. It is meant as a starting place to support anyone who wishes to engage in a process of deepening self‐discovery and to facilitate greater understanding and connection between people. There are two parts to this list: feelings we may have when our needs are being met and feelings we may have when our needs are not being met. 

Feelings when your needs are satisfied 

AFFECTIONATE compassionate, friendly, loving, open hearted, sympathetic, tender, warm. 

ENGAGED absorbed, alert, curious, engrossed, enchanted, entranced, fascinated, interested, intrigued, involved, spellbound, stimulated.

HOPEFUL expectant, encouraged, optimistic.

CONFIDENT empowered, open, proud, safe, secure. 

EXCITED amazed, animated, ardent, aroused, astonished, dazzled, eager, energetic, enthusiastic, giddy, invigorated, lively, passionate, surprised, vibrant. 

GRATEFUL appreciative, moved, thankful, touched. 

INSPIRED amazed, awed, wonder.

JOYFUL amused, delighted, glad, happy, jubilant, pleased, tickled.

EXHILARATED blissful, ecstatic, elated, enthralled, exuberant, radiant, rapturous, thrilled, 

PEACEFUL calm, clear, headed, comfortable, centered, content, equanimous, fulfilled, mellow, quiet, relaxed, relieved, satisfied, serene, still, tranquil, trusting 

REFRESHED enlivened, rejuvenated, renewed, rested, restored, revived.

Feelings when your needs are not satisfied 

AFRAID apprehensive, dread, foreboding, frightened, mistrustful, panicked, petrified, scared, suspicious, terrified, wary, worried.

ANNOYED aggravated, dismayed, disgruntled, displeased, exasperated, frustrated impatient irritated irked 

ANGRY enraged furious incensed indignant irate livid outraged resentful 

AVERSION animosity appalled contempt disgusted dislike hate horrified hostile repulsed 

CONFUSED ambivalent baffled bewildered dazed hesitant lost mystified perplexed puzzled torn.

DISCONNECTED alienated aloof apathetic bored cold detached distant distracted indifferent numb removed uninterested withdrawn 

DISQUIET agitated alarmed discombobulated disconcerted disturbed perturbed rattled restless shocked startled surprised troubled turbulent turmoil uncomfortable uneasy unnerved unsettled upset 

EMBARRASSED ashamed chagrined flustered guilty mortified self‐conscious 

FATIGUE beat burnt out depleted exhausted lethargic listless sleepy tired weary worn out 

PAIN agony anguished bereaved devastated grief heartbroken hurt lonely miserable regretful remorseful 

SAD depressed dejected despair despondent disappointed discouraged disheartened forlorn gloomy heavy hearted hopeless melancholy unhappy wretched 

TENSE anxious cranky distressed distraught edgy fidgety frazzled irritable jittery nervous overwhelmed restless stressed out 

VULNERABLE fragile guarded helpless insecure leery reserved sensitive shaky 

YEARNING envious jealous longing nostalgic pining wistful

So What?

The secret to knowing who you are and living well begins with knowing the difference between sustained feelings and temporary emotions. Think about it this way: Nothing you can ever experience in life, no matter how terrible, will ever be anything more than a bunch of thoughts, plus a few physical sensations. Can you handle that?
Being able to clearly identify how we are feeling has been shown to reduce the intensity of experience because it re-engages our rational mind. Get a list of feelings words here.
The most elegant way to identify the emotion behind a particular negative feeling is to simply ask “What surprised you?”

On Altering Your Perspective

Most people believe that their mood, attitude or the way they feel is based upon circumstances or other people. Ask anyone you know who is in a bad mood or depressed why they feel the way they do and virtually all of them will tell you about a circumstance or an encounter with someone else.
The truth of the matter, however, is that feelings are caused by the thoughts about circumstances and people. People or circumstances in and of themselves cannot directly impact your feelings. Being crystal clear about this concept will give you a great sense of empowerment and freedom. The following story exemplifies this idea.

In Conclusion

Learn to feel and embrace all of your emotions fully without labelling them, and work on expressing them constructively. Remove the narrative as much and as often as possible, and focus on the actions that you believe will give you results that serve you best. If and when you want to change your emotions know that you can do so easily and safely within minutes with wellness modalities such as Laughter Wellness or Laughter Yoga


EMOTIONS. Types of Emotions

SENSATIONS  inf. feeling of excitement (emoción) physical feeling (sensación), something exciting (furor, exito)

FEELINGS

Types of feelings: elation (intense joy, euphoria)

Euphoria is an overwhelming feeling of happiness, joy, and well-being. People experiencing euphoria may feel carefree, safe, and free of stress. This emotion can be either a normal reaction to happy events or a symptom of substance abuse and certain mental health conditions.

What is happiness? Is it an emotion? Or a state of mind? According to many emotion theorists (such as Paul Ekman) happiness is one of the "Big Six" emotions (seven if you count contempt) which also include surprise, fear, disgust, anger, and sadness (Cornelius, 1996)

There are two main schools of thought on the definition of emotion. Hedonism is the psychological theory that organisms are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain (Franken, 1994). Hedonism usually involves the feelings that result from input into the five different sensory systems (vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch). Happiness then, according to the hedonists, simply involves maximizing the positive effects of the different sensory systems. But happiness is a very complex concept. Maybe it's just not that simple. Cognitive theorists don't think so. Lazarus, a cognitive emotion theorist, defines happiness as that emotion which results from "making reasonable progress towards the realization of a goal" (Franken, 1994). Therefore happiness could have nothing to do with sensory input. If your goal, for instance, is to earn a Master's degree, then completion of the classes or steps leading to that goal, would, according to Lazarus, bring about happiness. In other words, the cognitive theorists view happiness as something you experience on the way to a goal, so happiness is goal-driven or goal motivated, while the hedonists see happiness as the end state or the goal itself. The motivation, according to hedonism, is simply the quest for pleasure and to avoid pain (Parducci, 1995).


We have three very different, but complimentary, conditions. One, happiness, being primarily biological in nature, seems to be the most basic, fundamental condition of the three. Hope, being primarily a learned condition, can lead to happiness, and optimism, a primarily cognitive condition which, in the words of one researcher, spawns hope. And, in turn, happiness seems to reinforce optimism leading to a cycle of happy, hopeful, optimistic persons.

 

the adaptable (easy-going, laid-back, calm, peaceful, relaxed, easy to be with)

the charming

* Charisma will attract the right attention, charm will allow you to do what you want with it. The charming are gifted with the power of influence.

* Charming people don't try to win any unstated competitions with people they meet. In fact, they actively try to lose. They're complimentary.

the confident (vs the insecure) / the self-confident / self-assured / bold.

* Despite feeling good about themselves, the self-confident are no strangers to grief, sadness and anxiety.

the conventional (conformist, conservative, strongly traditional)

the cautious, careful, wary / prudent / discreet / tactful: cauto, prudente, precavido.

the creative / inventive / imaginative / ingenious / promethean (having the skill and imagination to create new things): inventive, creativo.

the diplomatic / tacful

the distant / cold / stand(-)offish / unfriendly: frio, distante.

the doer vs the watcher / the talker (Someone who takes action): emprendedor, persona dinámica l

the extrovert (outgoing): extrovertido

the feeler

the hater / despiser / the woman hater (misogynist): (sb who dislikes females, so who hates, have contempt or desdain for)

the idealist / dreamer

the indifferent / uncaring / hard(-)hearted (lacking compassion), insensitive / unsympathetic / unlikable: indiferente, insensible, poco emotivo

the insecure / self-conscious (who feels insecurity, subject to fears, doubts, etc) 

The self-conscious are too easily tempted by the “fight or flight” instincts that permitted our ancestors to survive.

the independent (free, financially free)

the individualist / loner / maverick / free spirit / unconventional / lone wolf

the introvert(ed) / withdrawn / shy / reserved: timido, callado, introvertido, reservado, discreto,

the intuitive / perceptive / insightful (showing perception, understanding): intuitivo, perspicaz.

the kind (gentle, pleasant): agradable, amable.

the misfit / black sheep / social outcast / non-conformist / non-conforming: oringinal, inadaptado, inconformista, no convencional)

the optimistic / positive thinker (an optimist confident of future)

the people pleasers / accomodating / obliging (sb who wants to make others happy, happy to help): complaciente, que no se niega, servicial.

* The people-pleasers are the ones who will always show up with more than was required and stay the latest to make sure everything is done.

the people lovers

the perfectionist (showing obsession with high standards)

Perfectionists demand perfection from themselves first and foremost.

Strive for continuous improvement, instead of perfection.


the persuasive / smooth talker (skilled at persuading / convincing people) / good speaker: persuasivo/a, convincente, buen orador.

the problem-solver / troubleshooter (professional problem solver; someone who finds solutions / mediator / peacemaker: mediador.

the sensible / reasonable / analitic(al) / logical (having / based on common sense good at analyzing, prone to logical thinking): razonable, sensato.

the sensor

the smug (excessively self-satisfied): engreido, subido.

* The smug are those who have learned the words of a teacher and can't wait to teach it.

the suspicious (suspects sth is wrong): receloso, desconfiado.

the talented / proficient / skilled / gifted / competent / able / smart (showing talent, fully skilled in any art, science, or subject)

* The talented are already better off than others with respect to the development of their cognitive abilities.

the talker (someone who talks a lot)

the thinker (vs feeler)

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Autor: Miguel Angel Martín-Vázquez Villarroel


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Gramática inglesa avanzada: Advanced C1 (CAE) y Proficiency C2 (CPE)





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Datos Registro Aries
Nº Registro: 201999905816970
Nº Impreso 046: 0462259709414

DEPOSITO LEGAL (Copyright)

PRIMERA EDICIÓN: 2019

(C) Miguel Angel Martín-Vázquez Villarroel, 2019



                         *****************************  PROLOGO  *******************************

Expresiones idiomáticas (Idiomatic expressions, phraseology): modismos (idioms), frases hechas (set phrases / fixed expressions), idiotismos (idiotisms) y verbos con preposición (prepositional verbs), argot (jargon, argot, slang), jerga (jargon, argot, slang), colocaciones (collocations), fonética y pronunciaciòn: Phonetics: the science of pronunciation, verbos frasales / compuestos (phrasal verbs): phrasal, prepositional (MWV) and phrasal-prepositional verbs (2/3-WV); nombres frasales (phrasal nouns), nombres verbales (verbal nouns), homónimos (homonyms): book, fair, well, right, mean (5); homógrafos (homagraphs): "fine", "lead" and "wind", y homófonos (homophones): son/sun, break/break, for/four, cell/sell (3), weather/whether, right/write, semantica (semantics), derivación linguistica vs desinencia (morphological derivation vs inflection / word formation): write/er, slow(ness), red(ish), glory/glorify, drink(able); sustantivación morfológica (nominalisation with derivational morphology), sustantivación sintáctica (nominalisation with zero derivation, sustantivación por pronunciación (nominalisation by changes in pronunciation, "increase", "use": /s/ as noun and /z/ as verb, modificadores (modifiers, premodifiers and postmodifiers): cuantificadores (quantifiers), intensificadores (intensifiers) y reductores (diminishers), morfologia (morphology), fonética (phonetics, pronunciation), "It" pleonastico (pleonastic "It"),




LINGUISTICS:

Homónimos, Homógrafos, Homófonos
Fraseologia: A linguist who studies phraseology is interested in expressions and idioms and in the way that different word choices can change the meaning of a phrase. The particular style you use to express an idea in words is phraseology. Even if your two favorite novelists use the same basic plot, their phraseology will make the books feel completely different from each other.
Sustantivación morfológica y sintáctica



Aunque hay ligeras diferencias, creo que lo importante es que se tratan de expresiones que funcionan "como un todo". Entiendo que expresiones idiomáticas engloba a modismos, frases hechas, idiotismos... La diferencia entre frases hechas y modismos: Frase hecha equivale a un verbo/modismo equivale a un sustantivo, un nombre o un adverbio.


La RAE define modismo como “Expresión fija, privativa de una lengua, cuyo significado no se deduce de las palabras que la forman”. ... Por ejemplo, un idiotismo clásico es “a ojos vistas” mientras que un modismo podría ser “estar en la luna”.

IDIOTISMO: Idiotism. Hay idiotismo cuando la expresión no se ajusta a las reglas gramaticales y es difícil de traducir a otra lengua.
MODISMO: Hay modismo cuando hay que discernir el significado de las palabras del significado de la expresión y tomar en consideración sólo este último. Etimologicamente proviende de "moda".