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THE CONJUNCTION BOOK

Understanding & Using Conjunctions in English

Linking and transition words
(conjunctions & connectors)

Conjunctive Adverbs
(adverbial conjunctions)

Miguel Ángel Martín-Vázquez Villarroel

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CONTRAPORTADA

Transition Words and Phrases 7ESL

Simple, compound & Complex sentences

Conjunctions & Conjunctive adverbs

Adverbial conjunctions vs subordinating conjunctions

Advanced conjunctions and adverbs

Nominalized / Substantivated conjunctions

Punctuation with Conjunctions & Connectors

Two conjunctions together for emphasis

Three or more conjunctions together

Gerund after conjunctions

Parts of speech (Content words VS Function words)

Function word

Grammaticalization

Anthimeria

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There are four kinds of conjunctions as follows:

1. Coordinating conjunctions

2. Subordinating conjunctions.

3. Correlative conjunctions.

4. Adverbial conjunctions.

1. Coordinating conjunction (coordintators)

A conjunction is a joiner, a word that connects parts of a sentence.
Coordinating conjunctions coordinate or join two or more sentences, main clauses, words, or other parts of speech which are of the same syntactic importance. Also known as coordinators, coordinating conjunctions are used to give equal emphasis to a pair of main clauses. When we use coordinating conjunctions to combine independent clauses in a sentence, each clause is equal in importance.
1. Coordinating conjunctions (Fanboys) They all have fewer than four letters. Be careful of the words then and now; neither is a coordinating conjunction, so what we say about coordinating conjunctions' roles in a sentence and punctuation does not apply to those two words.

FOR

Do not squander time, FOR that's the stuff life is made of. Benjamin Franklin

If you love life, don't waste time, FOR time is what life is made up of. Bruce Lee.

Be kind, FOR everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle. Plato

I am not afraid of tomorrow, FOR I have seen yesterday and I love today!

I have had my share of brawls (fist-fights), FOR I am someone who takes a stand.

Who am I? Not the body, because it's decaying; not the mind, nor the emotions, FOR these also will vanish with death.

AND

It's understandable AND almost touching that we should expect our partners to understand us without us having explained what's up.

Einstein developed a theory about space, AND it was about time too. (commenting, make remarks, give an opinion).

Do what you want AND say what you feel because those who mind don't matter AND those who matter don't mind.

Marriage, for whatever reason, has always both interested AND terrified me.

Treat AND talk to people the way you want to be treated.

Never complain, (AND) never explain. Benjamin Disraeli.

Never explain yourself. Your friends don't need it AND your enemies won't believe it.

Start every day off with a smile AND get it over with.

Live fast, die young, (AND) leave a good looking corpse. James Dean

The most expensive thing in the world is trust. It can take years to earn AND a matter of seconds to lose.

I am basically, intrinsically AND irresistibly a Democrat, John Steinbeck

Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to it.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/charles_r_swindoll_388332

Life is 10% what happens to you AND 90% how you react to it.

Genius is one percent inspiration AND ninety-nine percent perspiration.

Saying is one thing AND doing another.

What's money? A man is a success if he gets up in the morning AND goes to bed at night AND in between (he) does what he wants to do. Bob Dylan.
** 1. (n). an intermediate thing: successes, failures and in-betweens. 2 (adj). middle: He knows quite a lot of French, but he's at an in-between stage AND not fluent yet.

The only way to keep your health is to eat what you don't want, drink what you don't like, AND do what you'd rather not. Mark Twain.

I remember trying to save money, for a day or two, AND quickly (me) losing interest.

I spent my whole childhood wishing I were older AND now I'm spending my adulthood wishing I were younger. Ricky Schroder.

I started my career at the top AND have been working my way downwards ever since.

Unexpressed emotions will never die. They are buried alive AND will come forth later in uglier ways. Sigmund Freud. (appear, emerge, develop, grow)

I hear AND I forget. I see AND I remember. I do AND I understand. Confucius (result)

Yes, peace can AND must be won, to save the world from the terrible destruction of W.W. III.

There are many times when I could have AND should have thrown the towel in.

Growing up, my mates AND I would have rather been members of the Royal Family.

It's easy for women to say they don't understand AND ask a man for help. As the saying goes, boys play with toys, and girls play with boys.

Character is always my driving force. AND to tell a good story and to provide an entertaining read.

I'm short AND to the point. Shaquille O'Neal (rude, antisocial, mean).

I'm short and to the point. Shaquille O'Neal
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/shaquille_oneal_461226

I don't fuck around with titles (of books). I come up with them immediately AND then don't ever think about changing them. * mess around with sth: inf. (to waste time, tontear)

I belong nowhere AND to no one.

I belong nowhere and to no one.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/waris_dirie_533408

Binomials with "and"
again and again (over and over, repeatedly), by and large, down and out, high and dry (abandoned), high and low (everywhere), highs and lows (the good parts and bad parts: the highs and lows of my career in film), give and take (make concessions, cooperation), likes and dislikes (preferences), live and learn, on and off (off and on, (every) once in a while, every so often, (every) now and then/again, from time to time, occasionally, intermittently, on and on (an on), loud and clear, out-and-out (downright, complete or in every way: that's an out-and-out lie, an out-and-out disaster, over and over (again), peace and quiet (tranquillity), pros and cons (advantages and disadvantages), scream and shout: (It's) nothing to scream and shout about: neither here nor there), ups and downs (inf. good and bad experiences, troubles, altibajos); By and large, women can bear / handle pain better than men, a new study suggests. And it all comes down to how the sexes remember their past agony differently; touch and go (adj. unpredictable as to outcome, uncertain); At one point, the operation was touch-and-go twists and turns. (surprising changes): It's hard to follow all the twists and turns; come and go (o occur, exist, or appear and then disappear quickly and/or suddenly): Depression comes and goes.

Everything is very black and white for me. I don't really like playing mind games. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/zayn_malik_638269

Marriage is give and take. You'd better give it to her or she'll take it anyway. (cooperation)

I know that there's pros and cons to everything; Netflix, like life, has its pros and cons; I think everything has its own pros and cons.

I think everything has its own pros and cons
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/anushka_sharma_806735

In life, you have ups and downs, but you should never give up. You should always try to get ahead.

The pros and cons of social networking: A look at the ups and downs of being so digitally connected to people.

Life is full of ups and downs. And life would not be worth experiencing if it weren't just that.

There's no getting away from the fact that life is full of ups and downs, as well as twists and turns.

We all relate to having highs and lows. Everyone gets depressed.
* identify with, interact, empathize with, understand. To have relationship or connection: The readings relate to his lectures; To show or establish logical or causal connection between: seeks to relate crime to poverty.

A mood disorder is dangerous. You've got to get those dramatic waves / series of highs and lows stabilized. It's dangerous if you don't.

A mood disorder is dangerous. You've got to get those dramatic waves of highs and lows stabilized. It's dangerous if you don't.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/jane_pauley_476640

Everything is very black and white for me. I don't really like playing mind games.

Life isn't always black and white. You're not always sure you're right. At least I'm not.

I have regrets, but you live and learn
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/james_arthur_827025

I have regrets, but you live and learn; As a young boy, I did a lot of foolish things. I made a lot of mistakes. And you live and learn.

I don't believe there's two sides to every story. It's black and white. There's right and wrong. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/joe_wurzelbacher_648990

I was stabbed when I was 17. It was touch and go, and my lung collapsed, and I was in hospital for five days. It is part of my back story. (background information)

Please don't leave me high and dry again! Just let me know when you're leaving next time.
Wait and see: wait in order to see (what happens): 1. (v): I am an avid reader! As for writing, I might - someday. But we'll have to wait and see (what happens). 2. (adj): I'm taking a bit of a wait-and-see attitude towards 3D. Christopher Nolan.

I am an avid reader! As for writing, I might - someday. But we'll have to wait and see. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/zosia_mamet_492386

Trinomials with "and"
I told her we’d bought a yacht and she fell for it (believed it), hook line and sinker. (completely): if someone tries to trick you and you believe their story completely without even suspecting there could be something wrong, * 1. fall in love with; 2. be deceived / fooled by (sth), be taken in by, believe, trust.

We spoke about this, that, and the other. (about all kinds of things, without there being any structure or order to what we were talking about).

I’m ready, willing and able, just call me when you need me.

Julie, it’s a great gym. They have a pool, sauna, massage, everything. It’ll be good for your mind, body and soul.

Sex, drugs and rock'n' roll: The Science of Hedonism and the Hedonism of Science. (book by Zoe Cormier)

Expressions (Idioms)
I'm a storyteller, for better and for worse. (no matter what happens, whether good or bad things happen, para bien o para mal. See "for better or (for) worse")

Other uses
1. In order to: To have faith is to lose your mind and to win God. (To have faith is precisely to lose one's mind so as to win God). Søren Kierkegaard
2. Commenting and adding information, developing an argument or point of view: Einstein developed a theory about space, and it was about time too. I was born in high heels and have worn them ever since.
3. As a result: Cease to hope … AND you will cease to fear. (Seneca). Stand over there and you'll be able to see it better; I always feel good after I change my hair. You get a haircut AND feel positive and ready to take on the day.
4. Used to express surprise: You're a vegetarian and you eat fish?
5. After that, then: I got dressed and had my breakfast.
6. To join 2 words that are the same, (it makes their meaning stronger): She spends hours and hours (a very long time) on the phone; The sound grew louder and louder (very loud); We laughed and laughed (laughed a lot).

Idioms
... and so on (and so forth): in addition to other things of the same kind: My mother is my manager and so knows exactly what I do and so on.

and that's why
I've failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed. Michael Jordan

AND (THEN)

All you need in this life is ignorance and confidence, AND THEN success is sure. Mark Twain

Fine artists reflect, AND THEN they act. Fashion photographers, we act, and then we reflect.

Movie stars have careers - actors work, AND THEN they don't work, AND THEN they work again.

Other uses
Your work is to discover your work and then with all your heart to give yourself to it. Buddha

Expressions
We should look back now and then. Our politicians should look back every now and then

NOR

Nature is the source of all true knowledge. She has her own logic, her own laws, she has no effect without cause NOR invention without necessity. Leonardo da Vinci.

Happiness doesn't come from being rich, NOR merely from being successful in your career, NOR by self-indulgence. (self-gratification, self-discipline, self-control, self-restraint, self-mastery, pleasure-seeking, hedonism, lack of self-restraint, strength of will, will power.

Who am I? Not the body, because it's decaying; not the mind, NOR the emotions, for these also will vanish / perish with death.

The gem cannot be polished without friction, NOR man perfected without trials.

BUT
(yet, except for, on the contrary, sino, otherwise than)

Life is really simple, BUT we insist on making it complicated.

I used to be indecisive BUT now I am not quite / so sure.

I may have different strengths than you, BUT in the end that doesn’t matter.  We all have to find our own path.

Worrying / Worry is like sitting in a rocking chair. It gives you something to do BUT it doesn't get you anywhere / ... BUT doesn't get you anywhere / ... BUT gets you nowhere.

There are many times when I think I would have rather died with my husband. It would have been pleasanter, simpler. BUT it would have been worse for the children and the family in general.

Tough times never last, BUT tough people do.

It's lonely at the top, BUT you do eat better. (stress in "DO")

Everybody wants happiness, nobody wants pain, BUT (remember), you can't have a / the rainbow without (having) a little rain.

I may not be there yet, BUT I'm closer than I was yesterday.

The reasons for learning a second language can be endless BUT the secret to success / to being successful is in motivation / being motivated.

You can't help getting older, BUT you don't have to get old.

I always arrive late at the office, BUT I make up for it by leaving early.

I can't accept failure, everyone fails at sth, BUT what I can't accept is not trying. L. James.

A fool think himself to be wise, BUT a wise man knows himself to be a fool; A fool thinks of himself as being wise, (BUT) a wiseman knows himself to be a fool. Shakespeare

(You) know what's weird? Day by day, nothing seems to change, BUT pretty soon...everything's different. (in the near future, en poco tiempo)

I don't hate accents BUT I get annoyed when I have to hear someone with a rather strong accent talk for a while.

I may be old, BUT / YET I can still ride a bike (yet)

I was constantly reading, BUT not the things that were assigned.

Everything has beauty, BUT not everyone sees it. Confucious

I'm tired, BUT proud.

Trust, BUT verify.

Every man desires to live long, BUT no man wishes to be old. Jonathan Swift.

Marriage has many pains, BUT celibacy has no pleasures. Samuel Johnson

Resilience is, of course, necessary for a warrior. BUT a lack of empathy isn't.

Old people are often impatient, but for what? (ellision)

Love's a disease. But (it is) curable. (ellision)

Used as "on the contrary" (conjunction, sino)
We love life, not because we are used to living but because we are used to loving. F. Netzsche I asked not for a salad but for soup.
He's not a violinist but a cellist.

Other uses of "but"
Used as a preposition (followed by a noun/pronoun): except for
I can resist everything but / except temptation.
It is a given that nothing is certain but death and taxes. I swear to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. So help me God.
It is impossible for a man to be cheated by anyone but himself. Ralph Waldo Emerson
I never hurt nobody but myself and that's nobody's business but my own.
There was nothing good on TV, but nothing! (used as a intensifier)
Everything changes but change.
Nothing is permanent / constant but change.
There is no remedy for love but to love more. Henry David Thoreau.

(anything) but that (except that)
People might have the impression I had an easy life, but it's been anything but that.

(NOTHING) BUT. (only, no es sino)
We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit. Aristotle
There's been nothing but trouble since the Republicans came into power.
The world is nothing but change.
The sun is but a morning star. (H. D. Thoreau)

Used as an adverb (Only)
She is but a child (only)
Life is but a moment, death also is but another.
Life is but thought.
Vanity is but the surface. Blaise Pascal

BUT RATHER
One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman. Simone de Beauvoir.
Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value

Strive not to be a success, but rather to be of value
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/albert_einstein_122232

Law is not a profession at all, but rather a repair shop.
The question is not, 'Can they reason?' nor, 'Can they talk?' but rather, 'Can they suffer?

BUT THAT'S BECAUSE
The fear of fear is worse than fear itself. You’ve probably heard it many times, but that’s because it’s true.

BUT FOR: 1. except for sth: The work was now complete, but for a final coat of paint. 2. if something else or someone had not prevented it.
Lee would certainly have been included in the team, but for his recent injury.
I would travel more but for / except for lack of money.(if it were not for)
I would never have won but for your help (were it not)

CANNOT (HELP) BUT: to have no choice except to do something

You cannot help but like her.

As I look back over my career, I cannot but smile.

I cannot but agree with what you say (otherwise than)

BUT NOTHING (for emphasis)
There was nothing good on TV, but nothing!

BUTS (as noun)
You're going to bed now, and I don't want to hear any buts!
No ifs, no buts - we will not share the pound if Scotland separates from the U.K.

BUT NOT ...
My life has never been wonderful. Maybe when I was a child, but not after age 15.

Expressions
(but) then again (on the other hand, but): but when you think about the matter more or in another way: I agree she types accurately, but then again, she's very slow.

Spoken: 1. Replying to someone to show strong feelings such as anger, surprise, etc: But that's marvellous news!; But how stupid! 2. Used with disagreeing with so: It was a good idea, but it didn't work. 3. As an intensifier, to emphasize a word or statement: Everyone, but everyone is coming; They are rich, but I mean rich; there's nothing on TV, but nothing! 4. To change the subject of conversation: But tell me, are you planing to retire? 5. After expressions such as "excuse me" and "I'm sorry": Excuse me, but I'm afraid this is (a) no smoking area.

Last, but not least
Last, but not least, remember to enjoy your life. Remember to be grateful for the little things.

Marriage is give and take. You'd better give it to her, OR she'll take it anyway.

Always go to other people's funerals, OR (else) they won't go to yours.
* or else is a phrasal conjunction. (otherwise)

I'm not for OR against video - OR any medium OR style, for that matter.

I remember trying to save money, for a day OR two, and quickly (me) losing interest.

To me, working out is literally like eating a meal OR drinking water OR breathing. H. Swank.

The only end of writing is to enable readers better to enjoy life OR better to endure it. Samuel Johnson (inverted word order, inversion for emphasis)

It is perfectly normal to feel alone, OR to have a fear of being alone, but the most important thing to remember is that you are not alone.

Everything starts with one step, OR one brick, OR one word OR one day.

I don't follow waves OR trends OR emotions.

There's no right OR wrong, success OR failure.

If you think you can do a thing OR think you can't do a thing, you're right. H. Ford.

I write songs all the time. Sometimes they're just weird songs I sing while changing a baby, OR songs about annoying things that I sing to myself, OR to friends while sitting at a bar, OR about Christmas or New York.

As a phrasal conjunction: Or else ...

I want to be with those who know secret things OR ELSE alone.

The greatest artists know how to entertain, OR ELSE nobody would read them.

You always have to challenge yourself OR ELSE you get soft. Right?

Luckily the whole world is not like me, OR ELSE, there would be no world.
I don't believe in writing for goals, OR ELSE I'd write essays.
I have to have music on when writing, OR ELSE the silence swallows me whole.

Idioms

or else, or suffer the consequences:
Do exactly what I say, or else.

for better or (for) worse: If you do something for better or (for) worse, you accept the bad results of the action as well as the good ones: Anyway, for better or for worse, I followed her advice.

Binomials with "or"

I'm an all-or-nothing person. I'm kind of an all-or-nothing kind of guy.

Love comes quicly; whatever you do, you can't stop falling. Sooner or later, this happens to everyone (Pet shop boys)

I think lying is a bad idea. Sooner or later, someone's going to catch you. Rita Moreno.

There must be a day or two in a man's life when he is the precise age for something important.

1. (as a verb): The soundtrack can make or break a production. (be the factor which decides whether (something) will succeed or fail).

2. (as an adjective): a make-or-break decision. (bringing either total success or total failure, and therefore very important)

When I was a kid, being outside was the norm. Rain or shine, our parents would tell us to get out of the house. (whatever the weather, under any / no cincumstances: llueva o truene)

My mom was at every single game I played as a kid, rain or shine.

My mom was at every single game I played as a kid, rain or shine.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/ryne_sandberg_268512

Trinomials with "or"
No ifs, ands, or buts is a phrase that is often used when expressing that one is certain of something. ... The expression no ifs, ands or buts is often used as a warning that the speaker will not accept any excuses from the listener for not accomplishing a task. (423.000)

I'm handsome, no ands, buts or ifs. (6.600)

Other uses
as an adverb
1. if not: Watch your step, or else you'll slip.
2. Otherwise: How else could I have acted?

YET

I say I like to be alone, YET I am always surrounded by people.

I'm not, like, Brad Pitt. YET, I will get there !

Nature does not hurry, YET everything is accomplished. Lao Tzu

Motherhood is a great honor and privilege, YET it is also synonymous with servanthood.

I love what I do, SO I don't mind working.

I'm a Gemini, SO I change my mind every day. Natalie Portman

I'm lucky. I have a high metabolism, SO I pretty much eat anything and everything.

I grew up as an only child, SO I like being by myself.

I'm a workaholic, SO I read everything that's out there.

I come from a very dysfunctional family, SO I was comfortable in misery.

I don't have television SO I don't watch TV.

I'm a creative person, SO I have to stay busy.

I'm an actor, SO I like costumes.

With integrity, you will do the right thing, SO you will have no guilt.

I was a teenager in '95, SO I didn't dress like a woman then. I was really small. I remember wishing I wasn't wearing Gap Kids

Grammar points about coordinators

"Rather than" is coordinating (with similar verb patterns). "Instead of" is subordinating.

As conjunctions, but and yet are interchangeable. One is often substituted for the other to avoid repetition, as in this sentence:
Many, many people here share these thoughts, yet nobody can say anything. But I’m saying something.

2. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS (Subordinators)
The difference between conjunctions in this list and FANBOYS is expressed in the words coordinating and subordinating. To coordinate is to bring things into balance or equality. To subordinate is to make less important.

On a white bus is a mnemonic device used to commit subordinating conjunctions and relative pronouns of the English language to memory. Subordinating conjunctions and relative pronouns can start a subordinating clause or a clause that describes a noun. Some letters in this phrase stand for more than one subordinating conjunction.

O: only, only if, only when, once, otherwise,
N: no matter (who, whose, what, which, where, when and how), no matter if, no matter whether ... or (not), not, now (that),
A: after, albeit, although, as, as long as, as much as, as soon as, as if, as though, assuming (that),
W(h): whatever, where, wherever, when, whenever, whether, while, which, whether or not , whoever, whereas, why
H: How, however (much)
I: if, if and only if, if ever, if only, in case, in order that
T: though, than, therefore, that, tha first time, the first moment
E: even if, even so, even when, even though, every time,
B: before, because, by the time
U: until, unless
S: (ever), since, so much as, so that, so what if, still (till).

Other subordinating conjunctions : considering (that), despite the fact that (in spite of the fact that, ever since, for fear that (fearing / fearing that), for which reason (this being why), lest, like, provided , provided that , rahter than?, regardless of the fact that, since, so that, supposing (that), rather than,

AFTER

Perseverance is the hard work you do AFTER you get tired of doing the hard work you already did.
Education is what remains AFTER one has forgotten what one has learned in school. Albert Einstein.
I always feel good AFTER I change my hair. You get a haircut and feel positive and ready to take on the day.

Other uses
As a preposition (time)

After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb.

Expressions
after a fashion (to a certain extent but not perfectly, in a way, in a rough way, somehow or other, somehow)

I can ride a motorcycle, after a fashion. I wouldn't ride one on a busy highway, though.

After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/nelson_mandela_178785

Structures

It's only after we've lost everything that we're free to do anything. (the fight club)

ALBEIT

(although)

Reality is merely an illusion, ALBEIT a very persistent one. Albert Einstein

The average married man lives two thousand and five days longer than his single counterpart, ALBEIT with less reason.

Life is an ordeal, ALBEIT an exciting one, but I wouldn't trade it for the good old days of poverty and obscurity. Jim Carrey

Nowadays, if you have a journey, ALBEIT a simple one, you consider yourself lucky if nothing happens.
The flowers are beautiful, ALBEIT not appropriate for this event.

* While it is great to use advanced vocabulary, many of them are unaware of the correct pronunciation, which is [ˌɔːlˈbiːɪt]. Hence, albeit is pronounced just like the three words all be it, listen here. It is certainly not pronounced like all bite!
* Late Middle English: from the phrase all be it (‘although it be (that’).

ALTHOUGH
(though, even though)

I am always ready to learn ALTHOUGH I do not always like being taught.

ALTHOUGH the world is full of suffering, it is also full of the overcoming of it.

I am still not a fussy eater, ALTHOUGH I do enjoy good food. (stress in "DO" for emphasis). * fussy: hard to satisfy / please. (usa: picky eater): dislikes many foods (exacting, demanding)
ALTHOUGH life may seem miserable, meaningless, unpleasant, worthless and tough right now / sometimes, this is only true for those who accept it!
ALTHOUGH life is full of ups and downs that surprise us, remember that no matter where you are today, or the decisions you made yesterday, there's nothing to be anxious about.

I'm not someone who throws the towel in, ALTHOUGH I think there are many times when I could have and should have thrown the towel in, and nobody would have thought any worse of me

AS
(conjunction: like, since / because, while, though)

Do AS I say, not AS I do ("like" in informal sentences, the way I, in the same manner as, lo que)
We don't see things AS they are, we see them AS we are.
A cynic is a blackguard whose faulty vision sees things AS they are, and not AS they ought to be. Ambrose Bierce. (unprincipled scoundrel, granuja). (like)
In great affairs men show themselves AS they wish to be seen, in small things they show themselves as they are. Nicolas Chamfort (like)
Treat people AS they were what they ought to be, and you help them become what they are capable of becoming, Goethe. (like)
Flatterers look like friends AS wolves (look) like dogs.
AS I was always the youngest, I had to fight for everything (since, because)
I didn't really have a favourite subject at school AS I was useless at everything. (since, because)
Do not worry about avoiding temptation. AS you grow older it will avoid you. (while, when)
AS I've gotten older, I've come to realize how important it is to vary your workouts. (while, when)
Being taken seriously AS (1) a young woman is the biggest hurdle AS (2) I grow older. AS (1) : preposition: while being, when (ex. as a teacher); AS (2) : conjuction: while (ex. as I was climbing the ladder, mientras)
Tired AS I was, I carried on working till the sun came up. ((al)though).

Other uses
as a preposition: They worked like slaves, (the way the do it) vs I worked as a waitress (I was)
As a preposition (while being sth, function): As a teacher in a deprived area, I had worked with a lot of troubled youngsters. (underprivileged, lacking, deprimid)
As a preposition (function, como): Steve and I work well as a team. Life is given us as a passion.
A goal is not always meant to be reached, it often serves simply as something to aim at. Bruce Lee
As a pronoun (while being, function)
As a teacher in a deprived area, Jenna had worked with a lot of troubled youngsters. (function)
I think of myself (AS) a great teacher. (I consider myself to be).
I can only speak AS a married man without children. (like, the way they do it)
As a youngster I longed to see the Black man free and I longed to see anyone stand up for us

Expressions
As for me, all I know is that I know nothing.
As for discipline and rules, I must say I am not very good with either.

As the saying goes, even a broken clock is right twice a day; that doesn't mean you should run out and buy one.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/euny_hong_765378

As the saying goes, even a broken clock is right twice a day; that doesn't mean you should run out and buy one.
As the saying goes, no pain no gain. (the way, like)

Being taken seriously as a young woman is the biggest hurdle as I grow older. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/petra_collins_854144

AS IF / AS THOUGH (like)

We use as if and as though to talk about an imaginary situation or a situation that may not be true but that is likely or possible. As if is more common than as though: The floods were rising and it was as if it was the end of the world. It looks as if they've had a shock.

(Son conjunciones que van seguidas de un sujeto + verb, a su vez serán seguidas de el presente simple o el presente perfecto cuando nos referimos a algo que es posible.

Ejemplo: It looks as if it’s going to rain

Maria looks as if she has just eaten a cow!

Cuando nos referimos a algo improbable o imaginario serán seguidas del pasado

Ejemplo: He looks as if he had seen a vampire

En inglés coloquial hablado se utiliza "like" en vez de estas palabras, así por ejemplo se puede decir:

You look as if you are happy or You look like you are happy

Live AS IF you were to die tomorrow. Learn AS IF you were to live forever. Mahatma Gandhi

Study AS IF you were going to live forever; live AS IF you were going to die tomorrow.
Dream AS IF you'll live forever, live AS IF you'll die today.
Live AS IF you will / would / were (going to) / are to die tomorrow and dream / learn AS IF you will / would / were (going) to / are to live forever.
If you fear being alone you may become over needy of other people and feel AS IF you must be around people at all times.
Sometimes, it will seem AS IF you'll never find the way, but you have to keep going.
Everywhere I go, I find that writers are treated as if they are invisible, as if they don't matter. (a real situation)
Let's face it. No kid in high school feels AS THOUGH they fit in. Stephen King
I don't feel AS THOUGH I have to prove anything to anybody.
Live AS THOUGH it were your last day on earth. Some day you will be right.
I want listeners to feel AS THOUGH they went through an experience.

AS IF / AS THOUGH

Clauses that start with as if / as though describe an unreal or improbable situation if they are followed by an unreal tense (the past subjunctive or the past perfect subjunctive). Otherwise, they express that the statement is true.
The past subjunctive after as if / as though indicates an unreal situation in the present. However, if the situation is true, we use a real tense to express present time:

He looks as if he knew the answer. (he gives the impression that he knows the answer, but he (probably) doesn't know or we don't know whether he knows or not)
He looks as if he knows the answer. (he knows the answer)

The past perfect subjunctive after as if / as though is used to refer to an unreal past situation. If the situation is true, we use a real tense to express past time:

He seems as if he hadn't slept for days. (it seems that he hasn't slept for days, but he (probably) has or we don't know whether he has or not)
He seems as if he hasn't slept for days. (he hasn't slept for days)

If the preceding verb is put into the past tense, the present perfect hasn't slept changes into past perfect, while the past perfect subjunctive hadn't slept stays the same:

He seemed as if he hadn't slept for days.

Other uses

"As if" can be a conjunction, an exclamation, and slang! As if I gave a shit (if you guys want to come or not!
as an interjection, informal (sceptical), Yeah, right! you could infer the meaning to be ironic, yeah, sure! (A polite / an ironic way of saying “I don't give a rat's ass about this, ironic)
You're going to help me clean the house? As if!

AS LONG AS (Provided, providing that)

AS LONG AS you love me. ("Take that" song)
A man can be happy with any woman AS LONG AS he does not love her. Oscar Wilde.
It does not matter how slowly you go AS LONG AS you do not stop. Confucius
I don't mind living in a man's world, AS LONG AS I can be a woman in it. Marilyn Monroe
What your goal is doesn’t matter, AS LONG AS it is something that inspires you to take action.

AS MUCH AS

I love fighting AS MUCH AS I can and as often as possible.
Travel teaches AS MUCH AS books.
I try to train AS MUCH AS I can, AS MUCH AS my schedule allows it
AS MUCH AS you put into it is AS MUCH AS you get out of it.
Nobody bores any man AS MUCH AS an unhappy female.
I love singing AS MUCH AS I love acting.
I probably shouldn't curse AS MUCH AS I do.

AS SOON AS

AS SOON AS I could write, I was writing stories.

AS SOON AS you take money for playing sport, it isn't sport, it's work.

AS SOON AS I can afford a studio space, I'll paint again

AS SOON AS you make a mistake, you're killed by the press.

I started writing AS SOON AS I started reading.

There is poetry AS SOON AS we realize that we possess nothing.

A lot of people quit looking for work AS SOON AS they find a job.

I wake up AS SOON AS it gets light.

* if it is / gets light, there is the natural light of day. (It gets light before 6 a.m.)

ASSUMING (THAT)
(supposing)

We will have a picnic tomorrow, ASSUMING (THAT) it doesn't rain.

ASSUMING THAT a car gets 25 miles per gallon of gas, how many gallons of gas are required for the car to go 155 miles?

Other uses
as a verb: It's not a question of McDonald's vanishing from the face of the earth. It's a question of these companies assuming some more responsibility for what they're selling.
The Catholic and the Communist are alike in assuming that an opponent can not be both honest and intelligent. George Orwell
Knowing and assuming are two different things.

BECAUSE

Do what you want and say what you feel BECAUSE those who mind don't matter and those who matter don t mind.
The best revenge is happiness, BECAUSE nothing drives people more crazy than seeing someone actually living a good life.
We don’t stop playing BECAUSE we grow old; we grow old BECAUSE we stop playing. George Bernard Shaw I'm just going to write BECAUSE I cannot help it. Charlotte Brontë
I am not on Facebook or on twitter BECAUSE the purpose of my life is to avoid messages.
I'm unable to have one-night stands. In my city, Ljubljana, you can tell exactly which women I've slept with, BECAUSE I married them.
* 1. a performance that happens only once in a particular place, 2. a sexual relationship that lasts for only one night,

Other uses: because of (plus noun):
* Why can't you starve in the desert? – Because of all the sand which is there.
* If you're successful and stressed out, you're succeeding in spite of your stress, not because of it.

BEFORE

My books start almost BEFORE I realize it.

I read Henrry James BEFORE I was 12 years old.
I wrote for sixteen years BEFORE I could make a living out of it.

BY THE TIME

BY THE TIME you get what you always wanted, you want something else.
When you're in your early 20s your love life seems to explode every 20 minutes or so. BY THE TIME you've reached your thirties, it is every five or ten years.
BY THE TIME I was five, I was a little diva. Stevie Nicks
BY THE TIME you do what somebody else is doing, everybody has moved on to something else

By the time you do what somebody else is doing, everybody has moved on to something else
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/tyler_joseph_873415

CONSIDERING (THAT)

(seeing that, given that, now (that), since, as, because, in view of the fact that, taking into account, inasmuch as, visto / dado que)

It seems to me madness to wake up in the morning and do something other than paint, CONSIDERING THAT one may not wake up the following morning.

CONSIDERING THAT I'm British and I talk the way I do, I love it when a director takes a chance on me.

I don't think I ever once heard Mum utter a religious or spiritual sentiment, a considerable feat CONSIDERING THAT she was married for 57 years to one of the most prominent Catholics in the country.
When I was 49, I posed for Playboy - I was very flattered to be asked. I was quite honoured, really, CONSIDERING THAT most of the models they feature are in their twenties. Joan Collinsde them lucky.

I did well, SEEING THAT I was so young.

SEEING (THAT) I won't be here, why don't you chair next week's meeting?

Understanding does not cure evil, but it is a definite help, INASMUCH AS one can cope with a comprehensible darkness. Carl Jung

The real universe has a marvellous and unique quality, INASMUCH AS it and only it can take us completely by surprise.

I am a visual person, GIVEN THAT I am deaf.

GIVEN THAT external reality is a fiction, the writer's role is almost superfluous. He does not need to invent the fiction because it is already there. (unnecessary, not needed)

IN VIEW OF THE FACT THAT God limited the intelligence of man, it seems unfair that He did not also limit his stupidity. Konrad Adenauer

Other uses

as a noun (a given): It goes without saying (that), everybody knows that, There is no denying that ... (depending on the context).

I think it's a given that people know what I can do vocally. Christina Aguilera

you can also use "it goes without saying..." or"everybody knows..." It is a given that nothing is certain but death and taxes.

DESPITE THE FACT THAT
(In spite of the fact that, even though)

For some unknown reason, bad-boys draw you in DESPITE THE FACT THAT they are jerks. (persuade, convince)

I think of myself as being Jewish and Irish, DESPITE THE FACT THAT I'm English.

If I were living in France, I'd vote for Jacques Chirac, DESPITE THE FACT THAT he can't seem to keep his hands out of the cash till.

Other uses: Despite (prep. in spite of)

* In spite of / Despite everything I (still) believe (that) people are really good at heart. Anne Frank

* I took my daily swim at the Beverly Hills Hotel pool in spite of / despite the presence of onlookers. Esther Willliams

* People who are scientists today are scientists in spite of / despite the system, typically, not because of it.

Despite everything, I believe that people are really good at heart. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/a/annefrank109060.html

* Common sense is in spite of, not as the result of education.

* In spite of your fear, do what you have to do.

* You must believe in God, in spite of what the clergy say. (vd the laity: leicado)

Despite / in spite of ... not as a result of ...
* If you're successful and stressed out, you're succeeding in spite of / despite your stress, not because of it.
* Common sense is in spite of, not as a result of education." Victor Hugo

* Oil production surged despite, not as a result of, Obama's environmental policies.

EVERY TIME
(whenever, always, anytime, on each occasion)

As part of a sentence with a subclause it acts as a subordinating conjunction of time (in place of 'when'):

Every time he is on camera he looks like a terrified child.
or He looks like a terrified child every time he is on camera.

Other uses

As a single clause on its own it is an adverb of frequency:
He scored a goal every time.

EVERY TIME I look at you I get a fierce desire to be lonesome.

Almost EVERY TIME we get together with family or friends, the conversation ends up being about food.

The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising EVERY TIME we fall. Ralph Waldo Emerson.

EVERY TIME you get angry, you poison your own system.

I think, EVERY TIME I'm on the mountain, I'm just so thankful to be there.

The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. Ralph Waldo Emerson
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/ralph_waldo_emerson_178794

EVEN

"Even" is not a conjunction.

You can have conjunction phrases which include "even", such as even though, even so, even when, or even if, but in this cases "even" serves to modify the meaning of the actual conjunction.

EVEN I vs EVEN ME?
(see "only I": Only I can change my life. No one can do it for me)

Imagine someone asked, “Does anyone here speak French?”, and you did. Your answer would be “I speak French”.

Equally, if someone asks, “Who is this letter for?”, your answer would be “The letter is for me.”

Likewise, “Even I can speak French”, and (not very grammatical) “She sends letters to even me.” (“even to me” is better).

If the question is of the form “Who is…” or “Who does…” or “Who knows…” or the like, use “I” in the answer (“I am”, “I do”, “I know”).

If the question involves, “To whom…” “By whom…” “At whom…” “For whom…” use “me” in the answer (“To me”, “By me”, “At me”, “For me”).

The trick with all these ‘me and I’ issues is to remove the ‘even’ and whatever you would say without it is what you would say with it!

Sometimes I'm so sweet even I can't stand it. Julie Andrews
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/julie_andrews_378266

Sometimes I'm so sweet EVEN I can't stand it. Julie Andrews.

Everyone wants to be Cary Grant. Even I want to be Cary Grant. Cary Grant
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/cary_grant_122685

Everyone wants to be Cary Grant. EVEN I want to be Cary Grant.

EVEN I don't wake up looking like Cindy Crawford. Cindy Crawford.

Nobody can be exactly like me. EVEN I have trouble doing it.

We can't all win Olympic medals. EVEN I never won one. E. Williams

I make movies that nobody will see. I've made movies that EVEN I have never seen. Christopher Walken

EVEN ASSUMING THAT

EVEN ASSUMING THAT smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt they'll take any notice. (to pay attention to sth, to become aware of sth.)

EVEN ASSUMING THAT the goods are identical, there is no likelihood of confusion on the part of the public.

Today, EVEN ASSUMING THAT Europe's debtors and creditors can agree, any revision could invite disaster.

We can't all win Olympic medals. Even I never won one. Esther Williams
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/esther_williams_237243

EVEN IF
(in the unlikely case that)

Shoot for the moon. EVEN IF you miss, you'll land among the stars.

Right is right, EVEN IF everyone is against it, and wrong is wrong, even if everyone is for it.

I always stay active, EVEN IF I m on vacation.

EVEN IF you do succeed most people wouldn't notice anyway. John Malkovich.

Death is not treatment, EVEN IF it's medically facilitated.

EVEN IF you're independent, I think you get lonely.

Jihad will continue EVEN IF I am not around. Osama bin Laden.

Profit is sweet, EVEN IF it comes from deception. Sophocles.

(The writer should always) write something, EVEN IF it is a suicide note.

No matter what, I still was gonna make music, EVEN IF it was on a small scale. Even if it was just for me.

EVEN SO

Don't force yourself to write. Some people can write a novel in a few months, whereas for others it can take over a year. I'm lucky to be one of the former, but, even so, if I'm not in the mood to write, I won't.

EVEN THOUGH

I play golf, EVEN THOUGH I'm awful at it.
EVEN THOUGH I'm an actor, I'm a very bad liar.
Our senses have changed, EVEN THOUGH our emotions have not.

I started being really proud of the fact that I was gay, EVEN THOUGH I wasn't.

EVEN WHEN

I'm on time EVEN WHEN I try not to be.

I'm constantly working, EVEN WHEN I'm at home.
Death is never polite, EVEN WHEN we expect it.
Take heed of critics EVEN WHEN they are not fair; resist them EVEN WHEN they are.
Keep your cool, EVEN WHEN those around you don't mean it.
I don't fight without being prepared EVEN WHEN I lose.

I like to smile. I smile EVEN WHEN I'm nervous since it calms me down and shows my friendliness.
I was always an independent, EVEN WHEN I had partners.
(Whatever it is), I fear the Greeks EVEN WHEN they bring gifts.
EVEN WHEN I'm 70, I'm still gonna write rhymes.
EVEN WHEN I'm on vacation, I never stay home.
EVEN WHEN I'm sick and depressed, I love life.
Fiction, EVEN WHEN it's grim and hard, is fun.
You can never control who you fall in love with, EVEN WHEN you're in the most sad, confused time of your life. You don't fall in love with people because they're fun. It just happens.

FOR FEAR THAT (OUT OF FEAR THAT; FEARING THAT)

We are afraid to care too much, FOR FEAR THAT the other person does not care at all. Eleanor Roosevelt.

I never discuss a novel while I'm writing it, FOR FEAR THAT talking about it will diminish my desire to write it

I have seen actresses avoiding food OUT OF FEAR THAT beauty would be lost.

People feel uncomfortable talking about racial issues OUT OF FEAR THAT if they express things, they will be characterized in a way that's not fair.

FOR WHICH REASON

(this being why)

We are shallow because we have become enslaved by gross materialism, for which reason we think that only the material goods of this earth can satisfy us and we must therefore grab as much as can while we are able.

HOW

(1. about the manner or condition in which:; 2. In whatever manner or way;
however)

Be careful HOW you act. (1)

You can dress HOW you please.

I'm the best player in the country. That's HOW I think. That's HOW I feel.

I know HOW I look like. I know HOW I sound. I know HOW I walk. I'm just gonna be me. I do me, and you do you.

I know how I look like. I know how I sound. I know how I walk. I'm just gonna be me. I do me, and you do you. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/caster_semenya_867618

I don't really care HOW I sound.

Other uses

as a noun: a child's unending whys and hows.

It's very human to want to make an impact, to contribute to the world. But it's hard to know the how and why. Like, 'Will my small thing make a difference?

(also plural) way or manner of doing something: to consider all the hows and wherefores.

the way a thing is done: the how of it.
know-how: Designing a computer requires a lot of know-how. (aptitude, skill, knowledge)
as an adverb: Used in questions.
How many ideas you have doesn’t matter. The only thing that matters is that you take action!

Idioms

And how ! US (emphatic agreement): y como!

how so? how does it happen to be so? why?: You left early? How so?

how come? This phrase introduces a question meaning "how is it that? why?": How come you don't visit us anymore?

HOWEVER MUCH

(much as, even though, although, when, while, whereas, whilst)

However much I try, I can't shake off the effects of the yips.

However much risk we are taking, we can and probably should take more.

However much I dislike the idea of abortion, you should not criminalize a woman who, in very difficult circumstances, makes that choice. (Tony Blair)

Much as I'd like to blame you, I know I can't.

Life would be tragic IF it weren't funny. Stephen Hawking
Power is like being a lady... IF you have to tell people you are, you aren't. Margaret Thatcher
IF you want to live a happy life, tie it to a goal, not to people or things. Einstein
IF you’re unhappy, you can’t expect something or someone outside of yourself to fix it.
You will never truly live IF you are constantly looking for the meaning of life.
Develop a passion for learning. IF you do, you will never cease to grow.
Take nothing for granted IF you can check it.
IF envy were a fever, all mankind would be ill.
IF you don't have enough time, stop watching TV.
IF you think nobody cares if you're alive, try missing a couple of (car) payments.

IF you can't explain it simply / to your gran, you don't understand it well enough.
IF you aren't going all the way, why go at all.
IF you're lonely like most writers are, write your way out of it.
IF you are afraid of loneliness, dont marry. Anton Chekhov

* The fear of being alone is known by a number of names - Autophobia, Isolaphobia, and Monophobia.
IF you spend too much time thinking about a thing, you'll never get it done. Make at least one definite move daily toward you goal. (precise, clearly defined)
IF you're going through hell, keep going.

IF you have trouble reading the papers, have the teacher or coach explain it to you.
IF you could change your age, and never grow old, how old would you be?
How old would you be IF you didn't know how old you are / your age?
What's the point of elections IF everything is already decided?

If it weren't for (the fact that, if it had not been for)
If it weren't for baseball, many kids wouldn't know what a millionaire looked like.
If it weren't for Marlon Brando, I wouldn't be where I am.
If it weren't for the Beatles, I would not be a musician.
If it weren't for singing, I don't know what else I would do with myself.
If it weren't for painting, I couldn't live. I couldn't bear the extra strain of things. (stress, pressure)
Do you realize (that) if it weren't for Edison we'd be watching TV by candlelight?

If it weren't for the fact that:
If it weren't for the fact that the TV set and the refrigerator are so far apart, some of us wouldn't get any exercise at all.

If not for (if it weren't for, if it had not been for)
If not for an aphorism ... I might not have met my wife. (by W. H. Auden): Aphorisms are the real elixir of life. If not for you babe, I couldn't see the door. I'd be sad and blue. I'd be lost, if not for you. ("If not for you", song by Bob Dylan, also Olivia Newton John)
If not for modern medicine, fewer babies would survive.
If not for my family, I would have been in big trouble.

If not for my mom, I wouldn't be a writer today. When I was a little girl, I rarely saw her without a book in her hand
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/teresa_medeiros_713310

If not for my family, I would have been in big trouble.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/chad_everett_462510

If not for my mom, I wouldn't be a writer today. When I was a little girl, I rarely saw her without a book in her hand.

If it wasn't for

If it wasn't for the hole, a bagel would be a bun.

* * If you don't have enough time, stop watching TV

Expressions
I should add that I would certainly not be alive today if not for modern medicine.

The two questions I always ask myself are 'What if' and 'Why not?

IF AND ONLY IF

(on the strict condition that)

You are rich IF AND ONLY IF money you refuse tastes better than money you accept.
A rectangle is a square IF AND ONLY IF all four of its sides have the same length.
An integer is even IF AND ONLY IF its square is also even.

* (mathematics): The square of 3 is 9.

Other uses
As an adjective: A quick introduction to if-and-only-if statements and how to prove them.

IF EVER

(should it ever occur that, once)

I thought, IF EVER there were a time to write a book about hope, it's now.
I think IF EVER I met Peter O'Toole, I'd faint.
IF EVER there was a time for taking action, it is today.
IF EVER there was a time for women to be armed, it's now.

IF ONLY

(1. on the single condition that, 2. The reason for this is)

Everything has a meaning, IF ONLY we could read it. (1)

I think you should get a job, IF ONLY to have something to do (2)

Money is better than poverty, IF ONLY for financial reasons (2).

"If only" also means that doing something simple would have made it possible to avoid something unpleasant:

If only she had listened to me, she wouldn’t be in this mess.

Other uses

As an interjection (I wish, expressing a wish): If only I had a million dollars! (ay, si, si tan solo); If only I had more money.

Compound forms:
If and only if (on the strict condition that)
Only if (not unless): I'll go but only if you go with me.

Music should be made to make people forget their problems, if only for a short while. Chuck Berry
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/chuck_berry_816429Music should be made to make people forget their problems, IF ONLY for a short while. Chuck Berry
IF ONLY we'd stop trying to be happy we'd have a pretty good time.
Expressions
expressing a wish
Other uses
As an interjection.
expressing a wish: If only I had a million dollars!: si (tan) solo

IN CASE

I want to be buried with a mobile phone, just IN CASE I'm not dead.

You don't want to dream too big IN CASE it doesn't happen.

New Yorkers are mostly interested in New York, IN CASE you haven't noticed.

IN ORDER THAT

Someone has to die in order that the rest of us should value life more. Virginia Woolf Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/virginia_woolf_384037

Someone has to die IN ORDER THAT the rest of us should value life more. Virginia Woolf

We do not live to think, but, on the contrary, we think IN ORDER THAT we may succeed in surviving. Jose Ortega y Gasset

Life is the art of being well deceived; and IN ORDER THAT the deception may succeed it must be habitual and uninterrupted.

Whenever you argue with another wiser than yourself IN ORDER THAT others may admire your wisdom, they will discover your ignorance.

IN ORDER THAT all men may be taught to speak the truth, it is necessary that all likewise should learn to hear it. Samuel Johnson

I will expect these terms of agreement to be drawn up legally and signed by all parties IN ORDER THAT we may avoid any misunderstanding in the coming years. (legal writing)

In order to

We read (in order) to / (so that) we know (that) we are not alone.

It is a clear gain to sacrifice pleasure in order to avoid pain.

We all need stress in order to achieve and do our best work.

Eat in order to live, do not live in order to eat (*)

* Eat so that you live, don't live so that you eat (We often use them with modal verbs (can, would, will, etc.)

INSTEAD

(alternatively, as an alternative, on second thoughts, on the other hand)

Instead is an adverb, but it can act as a conjunctive adverb where it modifies a clause or previous sentence:

He should have fled. Instead, he tried to fight the fire.

Some synonyms for the adverb 'instead' are: alternately, alternatively, rather, and rather than.

Some synonyms for the conjunction 'instead' are: or, either, otherwise, and rather.

Ask not what your country can do for you; INSTEAD, ask what you can do for your country.
Confidence is not, 'They will like me'. Confidence INSTEAD is, 'I'll be fine if they don't'

Expressions
Instead of (in the place of somebody/something)
I write INSTEAD OF going to the shrink!
Vietnam was what we had INSTEAD OF happy childhoods.
Love yourself INSTEAD OF abusing yourself.
INSTEAD OF trying to make your life perfect, give yourself the freedom to make it an adventure, and go ever upward.

Other uses

as an adverb: as a substitute; in place of someone or something:

The roast beef is gone, so we'll have steak instead.

LEST
(for fear that, in order to avoid, to prevent)

Mind your speech a little lest you should mar your fortunes. William Shakespeare Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/william_shakespeare_140481

Man must shape his tools LEST they shape him. Arthur Miller

Mind your speech a little LEST you should mar (damage) your fortunes (luck, wealth). William Shakespeare

Beware LEST you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow. Aesop.

Submit (surrender) to the present evil, LEST a greater one befall you. (take place, happen to)

Control thy passions LEST they take vengence on thee. Epictetus

Indeed it is better to postpone, LEST either we complete too little by hurrying, or wander too long in completing it. Tertullian (polemicist, and moralist)

LIKE

Indeed it is better to postpone, lest either we complete too little by hurrying, or wander too long in completing it. Tertullian Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/tertullian_40068

(informal use of "as")

I don't like Michael Jackson. I wouldn't behave LIKE he does ("as" in formal sentences)

Love me LIKE you do. (Ellie Goulding's song)
Other uses (10)
1. As a preposition (tha same way as: I talk like my brother. To me, working out is literally like eating a meal or drinking water or breathing. Hilary Swank
(prep. informal: such as): So you want a new challenge? Like what?
(prep. intensifier): He ran like hell.
(prep. in the way that): It was hot again today, like summer should be.
2. As an adverb (approximately, more or less): He's like six feet tall.
2.1. As an adverb (slan, UK, regional, as it were, por asi decirlo): But I really wanted that job, like.
3. As an adjective, formal (the same, identical, similar): We always agree: We are of like mind.
Like poles repel; opposite poles attract. (the same, identical, similar)
Writing poems, odes, and like forms requires linguistic skills and imagination. (the same, identical, similar)
I don't think they have his like in any other firm. (counterpart, equivalente)
3.1. flu-like (resembling influenza)
She had flu-like symptoms: a cough and a fever. (agripado)
I speak with a rather strong 'Spanish-like' accent.

I don't get wrapped up in technique and the like.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/fay_godwin_360192

4. As a noun (something similar, algo asi, eso): What a strange car. I've never seen the like.
He is the kindest man I know. I have never met his like. (equal, igual, par)
4.1. (social media: approval). me gusta (nominal locution)

Expressions:
be like slang (say: expressing attitude, ir / estar en plan de)
He was like, "I don't want to do that"
likes and dislikes informal (preferences)
... and the like: (and similar things, y tal, y cosas por el estilo)
I don't get wrapped up in technique and the like.
as often as you like informal (whenever you wish)
Other uses

NO MATTER
(WITH INTERROGATIVE WORDS)

(WHO, WHERE, WHOSE, WHAT, WHICH, WHEN, HOW,
HOW MUCH AND HOW MANY)

No matter. No matter is a conjunction. It can be used with interrogative words like who, whose, what, which, where, when and how. ... No matter and its clause can come before or after the main clause.

Notes

The expression ‘no matter what’ means whatever. In the same way, the expression ‘no matter who’ means ‘whoever’.

No matter what she says, I won’t trust her again. = Whatever she says, I won’t trust her again.

Clauses with whatever, whoever, etc., can be used as the subjects or objects of their clauses.

I will believe whatever she says. (Here the clause ‘whatever she says’ is the object of the verb believe.)

Clauses with no matter what / who / when etc., cannot be used as the subjects or objects of their clauses.

After "no matter" we use a present simple to refer to the future:

I will follow you no matter where you go.

No matter how well you do, no matter how successful you are, they're always going to criticize you.

No matter how successful you are, no matter how good you are at what you do
You can't ignore politics, no matter how much you'd like to.
No matter who you are no matter where you go in life. You´re gonna need somebody to stand by you. (help or support).

1. No matter + Wh Question + Adjective / Adverb + Clause, Main Clause

No matter what / how / where ...

- He always gets the task wrong, no matter how easy it is.

- No matter how carefully you drive, you shouldn’t drink alcohol.

- No matter what you believe, you should respect others'.

2. An alternative construction that works in a similar way is “Whatever...”

- Whatever the weather, we’ll be together. (no verb)

- Whatever it costs, we will send a man to Mars. (verb)

I'm still me, no matter if I'm gay or straight or whatever. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/elvis_duran_922234

NO MATTER WHAT

Some will criticize me no matter what I do. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/benjamin_netanyahu_455260

Some will criticize me NO MATTER WHAT I do.
NO MATTER WHAT you do or how you do it, there will always be endless amounts of people asking the same question.
NO MATTER WHAT you say to me, I will always worry some (inf. to some degree, a little, a bit)
People are negative NO MATTER WHAT you do. Cher

Other uses
Love yourself no matter what! (whatever (the cost), si o si, pase lo que pase)
No matter how difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. (also: However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. Stephen Hawking
No matter what you believe, you should respect others.

NO MATTER IF

A writer writes. Period. NO MATTER IF someone is buying your work or not.

I'm still me, NO MATTER IF I'm gay or straight or whatever.
NO MATTER IF you win or lose, the most important thing in live is to enjoy what you have.
NO MATTER IF I'm 38, NO MATTER IF I'm 19 or 20, NO MATTER IF I'm playing against the best or the worst. I'm still going to play.

NO MATTER WHETHER ... OR...

No matter whether it's someone from the political left or right, we just need a voice to stand up and defend animal rights. Brigitte Bardot

NO MATTER WHETHER ... OR NOT.

If there was no Bible, it would be no matter whether you could read or not. Reading other books would do you no good.

NO MATTER WHETHER OR NOT

I think, as long as you tell real stories, I think people will respond to it no matter whether or not it's in the context of super heroes.

NOTWITHSTANDING

(ALTHOUGH, IN SPITE OF THE FACT THAT, DESPITE THE FACT THAT)

It was the same material, NOTWITHSTANDING the texture seemed different.

Shelley is truth itself and honour itself NOTWITHSTANDING his out-of-the-way notions about religion. Lord Byron

As often happens during a war, some parts of the country prospered, notwithstanding the constant loss.

Notwithstanding and despite imply "in spite of" and can been used as prepositions. The only difference is that the use of notwithstanding is formal. Moreover, notwithstanding can also be used as an adverb such as He doesn't want me there, but I am going, notwithstanding (postposition)

As often happens during a war, some parts of the country prospered, notwithstanding the constant loss.
Read more at https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/albert_bushnell_hart_284992

Other uses

as an adverb (postposition): nevertheless, anyway, yet.

He doesn't want me there, but I am going, notwithstanding

as a preposition (form. despite, in spite of)

Notwithstanding a brilliant defense, he was found guilty.

as a postposition (form. despite that, in spite of that)

She went to the game anyway, doctor's orders notwithstanding. (postposition)

Humidity notwithstanding, summer seems to bring out the best of Cincinnati.

NOW (THAT)

(inasmuch as, since)

NOW (THAT) I'm a father, I've forgiven my parents.
NOW (THAT) I'm a father, I never get to socialise with my friends anymore.

Now that I'm gone, I tell you, don't smoke. Yul Brynner Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/yul_brynner_363817

NOW (THAT) I'm gone, I tell you, don't smoke. Yul Brynner

I approach love differently NOW THAT I know it's hard for it to work out. T. Swift

NOW (THAT) I'm older, I see the benefits of having free time to release energy

NOW (THAT) my kids are gone, it just isn't the same. Our house is quieter and there is more time to spend with our cats and dogs.
NOW (THAT) we understand each other, things are much better.
NOW (THAT) you're here, why not stay for dinner?

Idioms
(every) now and again, occasionally. Also (every) now and then.
I love McDonald's now and again - not every day.
I say some silly things now and again.
I've got no hobbies - a game of golf every now and again, but that's it.
Every now and again, you just gotta hit something. Not someone - something.

ONCE
(1. if ever, 2. after, when)

ONCE you try that food, you will want more. (1)

ONCE you try McDonald's Menu, you will never say no.

As miserable as I was, ONCE I started singing, I felt better.What we have ONCE enjoyed we can never lose. All that we love deeply becomes a part of us
There's a lot of stress, but ONCE you get in the car, all that goes out the window.

ONLY
(except that, but)

I'd love to come, ONLY I have to work. (but)
I'd give you a lift; ONLY my car's being repaired.

I would pay for it myself, ONLY I don't have the money. (but)

It tastes like chicken, ONLY stronger. (except that)

ONLY IF
(on the single condition that, not unless)

I'll go but ONLY IF you go with me.
You fail ONLY IF you stop writing.

Tranquilizers work ONLY IF you follow the advice on the bottle - keep away from children.

Ask your child what he wants for dinner ONLY IF he's buying.

Happiness exists ONLY IF you have a lot of people to share it with.

You can be great ONLY IF it is your destiny.

There's action ONLY IF there is danger. Howard Hawks

Only if you aspire for more will you achieve more.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/chanda_kochhar_839204

ONLY IF you aspire for more will you achieve more.

ONLY WHEN

We know accurately ONLY WHEN we know little, with knowledge doubt increases. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

You discover who you truly are ONLY WHEN you live alone.

We learn our lessons ONLY WHEN we are ready.

It is only when we forget all our learning that we begin to know. Henry David Thoreau
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/henry_david_thoreau_383444

It is ONLY WHEN we forget all our learning that we begin to know. Henry David Thoreau.

It's ONLY WHEN gravity starts to take over (that) you begin to think about your body. (take control, charge of sth)

ONLY WHEN the sense of the pain of others begins does man begin.

Structures (with that)
It is only when you accept your own responsibility that you can take action.

It is only when you embrace simplicity that you start to realize how much you are capable of. (fig. adopt, accept, welcome, hug)

OTHERWISE
(or else)

It can behave like a co-ordinative conjunction, but only behave, and not be one:

Do what I tell you, otherwise you'll be sorry.

Other uses
as an adjective: different: If conditions were otherwise ...
as an adverb: differently, otra cosa: While most of us went to the cinema, John and Amy did otherwise and went to a bar.

Interjection

or else! (o te vas a enterar!)

PROVIDED (THAT)

(on the condition or understanding (that); if, as long as, providing)

Man is ready to die for an idea, PROVIDED THAT idea is not quite clear to him.
I can believe anything, PROVIDED THAT it is quite incredible. O. Wilde
I am bit old fashioned, and I truly believe that eternal love can happen PROVIDED THAT you do find the correct person.
The pleasure of work is open to anyone who can develop some specialised skill, PROVIDED THAT he can get satisfaction from the exercise of his skill without demanding universal applause. Bertrand Russell

RATHER

(instead, on the contrary)

Ordinarily "rather" is an adverb. (somewhat, or preferably) But it can pair with the conjunction "than" to create a preposition pair meaning "instead of" (potatoes rather than rice) and a conjunction pair that is used for negation: I decided to sleep late rather than be tired all day.

It's not generosity; RATHER, it's self-interest.

Other uses

as and adverb: quite; to some extent; in some degree:

He's rather good at baseball.

as an interjection: emphatically yes; assuredly; without doubt, positively, definitely, certainly, surely, undoubtedly, indeed, for sure, for certain ...

Is the book worth reading? Rather!

RATHER THAN
(in preference to, with similar verb forms, instead of)

a) He watched TV rather than do his homework. (conjunction)
b) He watched TV rather than doing his homework. (preposition + -ing)

As a conjunction, parallel grammatical constructions appear on each side of rather than. When used to coordinate verbs, it indicates that something is done in place of something else—and the verbs are inflected in the same way. Typically, the base forms of the verbs are used (often with "to" omitted before the verb following rather than).
Ex: For exercise, I walk rather than run.

Why giving advice, RATHER THAN receiving it, will work wonders for your motivation.
Double-do rather than double-check.
Do RATHER THAN don't.
Focus on what you can do RATHER THAN "can't" do and the possibilities and potential are endless!
To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, RATHER THAN what they say.
Focus on what you will do RATHER THAN what you won't.
(Ever) Since (having) cancer, I feel like I have dreams RATHER THAN (have) ambitions, visions RATHER THAN (have) plans. (coordinate nouns)
It is old age, RATHER THAN death, that is to be contrasted with life. Old age is life's parody, whereas death transforms life into a destiny. Death does away with time. Simone de BeauvoirAdditionally, conjunctive rather than joins nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions that have parallel forms. In such instances, rather than indicates choice or negation.

Life should be great rather than long. (adj.)
He bought red rather than green peppers. (adj)
I go to the theatre weekly rather than monthly. (adv)
Pretty soon the only work left for us humans will be the kind of work that must be done beautifully rather than efficiently, beautifully rather than just functionally.
She eats slowly rather than quickly. (adv)
A global nuclear conflict is a suicide, rather than a war in the conventional sense of the word. (noun)
I drink coffee rather than tea.(noun)

Can we come over on Saturday rather than (on) Sunday? (preposition)

as well as, rather than and instead of.

It is a preposition, not a quasicoordinator....when it is followed by an –ing participle clause that does not match the verb in the matrix clause:

Their actions precipitated the war rather than averting it.
* prevent from happening; avoid: to avert an accident

As well as visiting Niagara Falls, we spent a day in Toronto.
He intends to go as he is, instead of changing into his best clothes.

Other uses

The key to telling whether rather than is a conjunction or preposition is to look at the words that precede and follow it.

Used as preposition when you see dissimilarity between verb forms - as in rather than followed by an -ing or a noun.

As a preposition, rather than is synonymous with instead of and begins subordinate clauses (clauses that can't stand alone as a sentence) that have a present participle (the -ing form) of a verb serving as a noun (in other words, a gerund). When rather than functions as a preposition, the verbs in the sentence are not parallel.

Rather than driving, he rode his bike to work. Rather than using herbs, he picked roses from the garden. She took the blame rather than blaming everyone else.

as an adverb; or rather (to be more accurate): I think 'The Spy Who Loved Me' was the best, or rather the one I enjoyed doing the most. Roger Moore

rather well, (quite successfully), rather young not quite old enough, somewhat, algo)

rather than vs instead of
"Rather than" is coordinating. "Instead of" is subordinating.

REGARDLESS OF

I will by the car regardless of the price / of it costing too much.

I love Jane regardless of the stress she causes me.

REGARDLESS OF THE FACT THAT

I didn't marry John regardless of the fact that he asked me a lot of times.

SEEING THAT
("considering that”, “since’, “because” or “as” might be a better choice).

you can use "seeing that" like a conjunction. "Seeing that” also means “because”, so you could you say:

SEEING THAT you weren’t coming, I decided to take notes for you.

(EVER) SINCE
(1. desde que, 2. because, dado que, since then)

I've longed for kids since I was very, very young.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/prince_harry_430932

With integrity, you have nothing to fear, SINCE you have nothing to hide.

I've longed for kids SINCE I was very, very young.
I've been watching "Titanic" EVER SINCE I can remember.
I've (always) been curious EVER SINCE I was a little kid.
I loved movies EVER SINCE I was a (little) kid / little / young / boyhood.
Temptation has been here EVER SINCE the Garden of Eden.
I'm used to being productive, EVER SINCE I was young.
EVER SINCE I can remember, I've always been silly / I was always the winner.

Reduced time-related clauses (temporal phrases)

Only adverb clauses of time, causality and opposition can be reduced)

I like my body so much more now SINCE having my baby.

EVER SINCE having kids, napping is something that I'm prone to do and very easily could do but rarely get the chance to.

SINCE having the babies, I realize that 90 percent of losing weight is my diet.

I think my attitude to human beings has changed SINCE leaving prison.

Expressions

Since when ...? (how long ...?)

Since when do we have to agree with people to defend them from injustice?

Since when was genius found respectable?

Since when is it against the law for a woman to walk alone at night?

Since when is it against the law to protect your own property?

Since when is it against the law to meet with people from another country?

(Interjection) Since when? (for how long?)

Other uses

as a preposition (from past point until now):

Since childhood, I have been a cricket fanatic.

It's been ages since (it's been a very long time since)

as an adverb: (subsequently, since then, desde entonces)

His wife died a couple of years ago, and he's been depressed ever since.

When I was about 14 or 15 I decided to become a writer and never for a moment since have I wanted to do anything else.Tobias Wolff

SO MUCH AS (It means anything as small as this)

Nothing strengthens authority so much as silence. Leonardo da Vinci
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/leonardo_da_vinci_120051

I don't like to date so much as I just like to kind of, you know, run into somethin', man. figurative (encounter by chance).

I speak the truth not so much as I would, but as much as I dare, and I dare a little more as I grow older. Michel de Montaigne

I speak the truth not so much as I would, but as much as I dare, and I dare a little more as I grow older. Michel de Montaigne
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/michel_de_montaigne_387189

Other uses.

Nothing strengthens authority so much as silence. Leonardo da Vinci
I speak the truth not SO MUCH AS I would, but as much as I dare, and I dare a little more as I grow older. MIchele de Montaigne

SO THAT

The clause after "so that" generally includes a modal (like can, could, may, might, will or would)

We read (in order) to / SO THAT we know (that) we are not alone.

We eat (in order) to / SO THAT we may live.

The king must die SO THAT the country can live. Maximilien Robespierre.

You should dress SO THAT you feel confident.

My husband makes sacrifices SO THAT I can shine.

Live SO THAT your friends can defend you but never have to.

Be ever engaged, SO THAT whenever the devil calls he may find you occupied.

Be in the habit of experimenting with your clothing SO THAT you don't get stuck for life in high school.

The only reason for time is SO THAT everything doesn’t happen at once.

SO THAT I'm sure I understand you, please repeat what you said.

You learn to cook SO THAT you don't have to be a slave to recipes. (*)

A slave of is literal: In 23 AD Antonius was a slave of Titus. (Titus's slave).A slave to is metaphorical: Few people will admit to being slaves to fashion

SO WHAT IF

(It's off the topic, beside the point)

Delusional pain hurts just as much as pain from actual trauma, SO WHAT IF it's all in your head? (it's irrelevant)

STILL / TILL

Still is not a conjunction (it doesn’t connect clauses grammatically to create a larger sentence), it is (sometimes, among other things) a conjunctive adverb (it connects a sentence semantically to a previous sentence)

I hate exercising. Still, I do it because I know it’s good for me.

While still may appear in conjunctive phrases like but still, it is not itself a conjunction. Therefore:

You can use either word in conjunctive phrases. Yet usually carries a sense of negation, so and yet means the same thing as but still.

He has a good job, and yet he never seems to have any money.

He has a good job, but still he never seems to have any money.

Other uses

as an adverb:

There can be no failure to a man who has not lost his courage, his character, his self respect, or his self-confidence. He is STILL a King

I STILL spend my time feeling sorry for myself and making serious mistakes.

SUPPOSING (THAT)

(assuming, assuming that)

SUPPOSING THAT you won the lottery, what would you do with all that money?

THAN
(que, de lo que)

When "than" connects two clauses or phrases it's a conjunction:

He's taller than I am. He's taller than we thought. Trust yourself, you know more THAN you think you do.

We shouldn't spend more THAN we earn. Kids today know more THAN you think they do. Kids today know more THAN you think they do.

The body needs to rest. It needs a lot less exercise THAN you think. Sylvester Stallone
Language is much closer to film THAN painting is.
You are stronger THAN you think.
God, life changes faster THAN you think.
Acting is even stranger THAN I thought it would be.
The acting life is different THAN I thought it would be. I love it - it's actually a lot less pressure THAN I thought it would be.
I earn more THAN I thought I would when I became a poet. Morrissey
My life is so much better THAN I thought it was going to be.
I've learned much more about politics THAN I thought I ever would.
I guess I'm weirder THAN I thought, particularly as I think about me as a dad.
I think it's a lot easier to understand Italian THAN to speak it. What's more, I write it much better THAN I speak it.

Other uses
As a preposition: When "than" occurs with a pronoun in the objective case, it's a preposition: He's taller than me.

It's also a preposition when numbers/amounts are compared: It takes less than an hour. A crowd of more than 10,000 had gathered.
Tell your heart that the fear of suffering is worse THAN the suffering itself.
There is one thing worse THAN being alone: wishing you were.

There's nothing worse than making a good movie that doesn't get seen.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/lucy_fisher_632380

There's nothing worse THAN making a good movie that doesn't get seen
In some cases, knowing is much more fun THAN guessing.

Being married is generally better for your wallet THAN being single, if only for financial reasons. Guessing is more fun THAN knowing.
EXPRESSIONS
I was more than happy (for emphasis)

THAT

(at / in which, for quoting puposes: he said that)

Some basic ideas of the conjunction "that": That as a conjunction is commonly used.

We use the word that as a conjunction to introduce a subordinate clause to make a statement or provide more information. In many instances, the conjunction that may be left out without affecting the meaning of the sentence.

Some basic ideas of the conjunction that:

That as a conjunction is commonly used.
That introduces the that-clause.
That-clause can be the subject or object of a sentence.
That can be left out but not if it begins a clause.

The following show how the conjunction that is used.

He said that he was catching fish in the river.
She was so angry that she couldn’t sleep.
They are hoping that their missing dog will come home.
It is possible that the murderer is her own husband.
It is true that my grandfather wrote a book about my grandmother.

A that-clause can come at the beginning of a sentence as the subject or at the end of a sentence as the object.

That he didn't know anything about it is no excuse. (subject)

It is true (that) her grandmother is one hundred years old. (object)

That you are thinking of a TV show instead of thinking about the publishing world is a matter of concern to your fans.
"That you are thinking of a TV show" is a noun clause used as the subject.

More conjunctions (with "that"):

Each is a pair of words (conjunction + that) which together is used as a conjunction.

1. providing/providing that = on the condition that; if. That in these two sentences can be omitted.

We will be there early providing that we can catch the first train.

2. assuming that = accept as true without proof

I think she will marry the wealthy boss's son even assuming that she doesn't love him.

3. seeing that = because; accepting the fact that

You may as well join them, seeing that they need another volunteer.

I am THAT I am (10 commandments)
Doctors believe THAT exercise is vital.
She said THAT she didn't want to go (quoting) I firmly believe / It is commonly said / It is highly likely / It is very likely THAT what doesn't kill you (just) makes you stronger.
By the end of this year, it is quite likely THAT over 25 million people will be unemployed.
There are a few books I have read THAT I've never been the same after.
Media is just a word THAT has come to mean bad journalism. Graham Greene
It is a mistake for women to think THAT life begins only with marriage.

Other uses Used as a pronoun:
All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us.- J.Tolkien
My job is to notice the things that you're not supposed to notice.
For me, your real age is not the age on your ID. That's just a date when you were born.

As an adverb (very, so, to such an extent) In standard English, it usually needs to follow not, hardly, rarely or scarcely. The movie was not that good (tan buena)
To me, age is not that important.
I'm not that interested in people.
I'm not that interesting! / smart / confident ...
It's not that easy to learn a new language after age fifty.
Learning languages is not that difficult.

Structures with "It's (only when) / It wasn't until ... that ..."
Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts. Winston Churchill
It wasn’t until I showed the universe I was serious that I started getting “lucky”.

It is only when you accept your own responsibility that you can take action.
It is only when you embrace simplicity that you start to realize how much you are capable of. (fig. accept, hug)

THE FIRST TIME

THE FIRST TIME I performed musically, I threw up. Marilyn Manson

Other uses

The first time I did a school play was the first time I felt I was good at anything at all. I just loved it.

our Lord ascended on the Mount of Olives, and when He comes back, He will come on a cloud[3] from the East. Therefore, we face East when we pray.

THE MOMENT THAT
(as soon as someone does something, apenas)

The euro ceases to exist THE MOMENT THAT France leaves.
THE MOMENT THAT justice must be paid for by the victim of injustice it becomes itself injustice.

Other uses
I think the moment you get comfortable is THE MOMENT THAT / WHEN people start gaining on you and start taking that position from you.

THOUGH
(although, even if)

THOUGH being in a relationship can be great, there are many times when being single beats being in a relationship.
Oh, I am very weary, THOUGH tears no longer flow; My eyes are tired of weeping, A Bronte
Oh, I am an angel, THOUGH sometimes I wish I was more of a devil.

Other uses
As an adverb: (however, aunque, sin embargo)
I thought it would be easy to find a job; I was wrong, THOUGH.
I am nice; a bit vain (selfish), THOUGH.

TO WHAT EXTENT / DEGREE

(the degree to which, hasta que punto)

Truly! — I didn't know TO WHAT EXTENT I could jump!

In questions

TO WHAT EXTENT do you think this program will affect young people?

UNLESS (except that / if, only if)

Age doesn't matter UNLESS you're a cheese.
Nothing will work UNLESS you do.
They can’t hurt you UNLESS you let them. Nothing is miserable UNLESS you think it is so.
A true friend never gets in your way UNLESS you happen to be going down.

It is dangerous to be sincere UNLESS you are also stupid. George B. Shaw.

I'm against abortion UNLESS having the baby threatens the life of the mother. (ungrammatical or grammatically incorrect).
Abortion is murder in every case UNLESS the baby threatens the mother's life.
I'm against abortion UNLESS the woman has been raped. Thats the only way it can be justified for me.
Personally I'm against abortion UNLESS there's a life in danger or it's a child who's pregnant.
Don't apply for the job of janitor unless having experience (ungrammatical)
* not obeying rules of grammar; grammatically incorrect.
You do not really understand something UNLESS you can explain it to your grandmother. Albert Einstein
We cannot be sure of having something to live for UNLESS we are willing to die for it. Che Guevara
UNLESS someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better. It's not.

Other uses
As an adverb unless noted otherwise (if the contrary is not stated, a menos que se indique lo contrario)

UNTIL / TILL (informal)

It always seems impossible UNTIL it's done. Nelson Mandela.

You never know what you can accomplish UNTIL you try.
You can not say you know how to do something, UNTIL you can teach it to someone else.
You don't know how good you are UNTIL you actually get out on a bike and get riding.
In the U.S. you can't drive UNTIL you're 16, you can't join the armed forces UNTIL you're 18, and you can't run for a seat in Congress UNTIL you're 25
A man is not old UNTIL regrets take the place of dreams.
I lived with my aunt UNTIL I was 25 (years old)

I put a lot of pressure on myself. I think something's not good enough, and I won't stop UNTIL I feel like I've made it. I'm never satisfied.

A woman is like a tea bag - you can't tell how strong she is until you put her in hot water. Eleanor Roosevelt
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/eleanor_roosevelt_127143

A woman is like a tea bag - you can't tell how strong she is UNTIL you put her in hot water. Eleanor Roosevelt

We will never have true civilization UNTIL we have learned to recognize the rights of others.

You never realize what a good memory you have UNTIL you try to forget sth.

In the city, we work UNTIL (preposition) quitting time. On the farm, we work UNTIL the job is finished.

Structures

It is / was not until ... that I / you ...

It wasn't until I went to college and I got my first motorcycle that I understood the thrill of speed.

Other uses
As a preposition (until/till: up to a point in time)

I have 1 hour left until/till going home; I was at the bar until closing (time).

SELLING TIME: Vendors are required to

stay until closing unless

they have received

permission from the market manager.

You don't realize you're vying for the approval of everyone so much until being yourself is not approved of. (vie: compete, contest, struggle)
I ain't get the opportunity to get coached until being a star.
So many tears I've cried, so much pain inside. But baby it ain't over 'til it's over.
(leny Kravitz song)

Never / Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today. Benjamin Franklin

(said to emphasize that you should not delay doing something if you can do itimmediately).

Never put off till tomorrow, what you can do the day after tomorrow. M. Twain

Procrastination is the bad habit of putting off until the day after tomorrow what should have been done the day before yesterday.

In the city, we work until quitting time. On the farm, we work until the job is finished.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/john_bytheway_633517

I put a lot of pressure on myself. I think something's not good enough, and I won't stop until I feel like I've made it. I'm never satisfied.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/j_cole_569171

We will never have true civilization until we have learned to recognize the rights of others.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/will_rogers_386200

You never know what you can accomplish until you try
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/michael_jordan_447180

It always seems impossible until it's done. Nelson Mandela
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/nelson_mandela_378967

WHAT

My lord, we know WHAT we are now, but (know) not WHAT we may become. (Ophelia in Shakespeare's play Hamlet). We can never know what will come or how we will be or feel or do.
You can do WHAT you love. There are people just like you, doing WHAT you want to do. WHAT really matters is WHAT you do with WHAT you have.

We don't change WHAT we are, we change WHAT we think WHAT we are.

I know only that WHAT is moral is WHAT you feel good after, and WHAT is immoral is WHAT you feel bad after. Hernest Hemingway.

WHAT we do during our working hours determines WHAT we have; WHAT we do in our leisure hours determines WHAT we are.

You can't define WHAT's middle class, WHAT is wealthy, WHAT is poor.

Listen to WHAT you know instead of WHAT you fear.

WHAT you sweat is WHAT you get.
Revision is when you do WHAT you should have done the first time, but didn't.

Other uses
All that we are is the result of what we have thought.

WHATEVER

WHATEVER you do, keep going.

WHATEVER it costs, we will send a man to Mars.

Other uses Used as a pronoun (lo que: You can eat whatever is in the refrigerator)
I eat WHATEVER my kids leave behind. And coffee
as an adjective (of any kind): Pain is an event. It happens to you, and you deal with it in WHATEVER way you can.

Other uses

1. As a pronoun (1): (no matter what): Whatever I say, she says the opposite; Do it, whatever happens.
As a pronoun (2): (anything): We can do whatever you want. Do you want eggs or porridge? Whatever, I'm not that hungry.
As a pronoun (3): (all of which): You can eat whatever is in the refrigerator. (lo que, lo que); Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
As a pronoun (4) (emphatic, used in questions) what?: Whatever do you mean?
As a pronoun (5) (used at the end of a list) any or any one of a number of things whether known or not: papers, magazines, or whatever.
2. As an interjection: slang (expressing indifference): You want to go swimming? Whatever. (como quieras)
3. As an adjective (any, of any kind): You need to pick a shirt of whatever colour you like. (cualquier)

Expressions
1. for whatever reason (for any reason, por alguna razón)
For whatever reason he did it, the fact remains that he did it.
Marriage, for whatever reason, has always both interested and terrified me.
Sometimes friends move apart from each other for whatever reason.

2. whatever it takes (anything necessary to achieve sth)
I will do whatever it takes to set up my own restaurant.
Do whatever it takes to convey your essential self. (verbaliz/se, express)
* essential facts (basic knowledge about sth, birth control)
I'm for whatever it takes to secure our border with Mexico.
I'm going to do whatever it takes for me and my team to be successful.
Whatever it takes to make an individual feel better, I'm all for it.

3. whatever the cost (no matter what is required, cueste lo que cueste)
I love iconoclasts. I love individuals. I love people that are true to themselves, whatever the cost. (figurative (rebel, non-conformist). Tim Robbins
We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender. Winston Churchill

WHEN
(1. at what time; at the time at which, 2. whereas, considering (the fact that), 3. despite the fact that, although, 4. If)

As the saying goes / People often say WHEN the going gets tough, the tough get going.
Do I not destroy my enemies WHEN I make them my friends? A. Lincoln Stop being overly critical of yourself. WHEN you're overly critical, you might have unreasonable expectations.
(Why is it that) WHEN you get older you get more fearful? Sandra Bullock
WHEN I do good, I feel good. WHEN I do bad, I feel bad. That’s my religion. Abraham Lincoln
WHEN you're not in the mood, there's nothing worse than a sex scene.
WHEN I write I'm very uncertain whether it's good enough.
WHEN I was in junior high school, the teachers voted me the student most likely to end up (dying) in the electric chair. (being sentenced to death penalty / prison / 20 years ...)

I can only write WHEN I'm absolutely sober.

WHEN I sit at my tapewriter, I always face East. (*)

(*) Lord ascended on the Mount of Olives, and when He comes back, He will come on a cloud from the East. Therefore, we face East when we pray.
I don't hate accents but I get annoyed WHEN I have to hear someone with a rather strong accent talk for a while.

It's near impossible to always be right when you're innovating. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/search_results?q=%22IF+WHEN%22

It's near(ly) impossible to always be right WHEN you're innovating.
I'm not happy WHEN I'm writing, but I'm more unhappy WHEN I'm not.

Maybe one day WHEN I'm retired, I can turn around and tell you, 'Hey, I was really good at that.

WHEN I'm 64 (The Beales song)
My songs are like my children - I expect them to support me WHEN I'm old.

It’s easy to look at someone who’s already rocking it WHEN you yourself haven’t even gotten started. (2)
He says he doesn't have any money WHEN in fact he has thousands of dollars in his account. (3)
I don't understand how he can say that everything's fine WHEN it's so obvious
that it's not. (3)
When it rains, all trafic stops. (4)

Reduced time-related clauses (temporal phrases)
When learning English, the student may be learning several rules, but also has to learn more exceptions to those rules.

It is super annoying not to be able to just have a small chat with locals when on holiday

Other uses

as a noun (a particular time): We've decided the where of the meeting and need to tie down the when.
as an adverb (at what time): When did she leave work? At three o'clock?

considering the fact that:

How can you say you don't like something when you've never even tried it!

You can't complain about being lonely when you don't make any effort to meet people.

Why is she training to be a teacher when she doesn't even like children?

I don't suppose I can really call myself a vegetarian when I eat fish.

Expressions
(It's funny how) When it comes to giving advice, I can tell you a lot; (but), when it comes to helping myself (my problems) however, that becomes an entirely different matter / I just don't know what to do with myself.
Structures
It was only when I wrote my first book THAT the world I wanted to live in opened to me.

WHENEVER

Whenever I get fed up with life I love to go wandering in nature.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/andrea_arnold_458005

WHENEVER I get fed up with life I love to go wandering in nature.
WHENEVER I read a book, I wonder at the number of words I meet in it and I long to use them.
WHENEVER you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect. Mark Twain

WHENEVER anyone has offended me, I try to raise my soul so high that the offense cannot reach it. Rene Descartes.
Some cause happiness wherever they go; others WHENEVER they go. Wilde.
I can perform WHENEVER I want to, without the pressure of having to.
I sometimes meet up with old friends WHENEVER I want to.
Photography is my passion. WHENEVER I get time, I click.

Reduce time-related (see 'when' and 'while' clauses)
I still have some very dear friends from school, and we get together WHENEVER possible.
Be kind WHENEVER possible. It is always possible. Dalai Lama.

Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect. Mark Twain
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/mark_twain_122378

WHEREVER
(anywhere, everywhere, connecting two clauses)

I was followed by press photographers WHEREVER I went.

Some cause happiness WHEREVER they go; others whenever they go. Wilde.

WHEREVER you go, your memories from the place you grew up in always remain special.
WHEREVER you go, go with all your heart. Confucius
WHEREVER you go, I will follow you.

Other uses

as an adverb : wherever place (donde quiera)
Go ahead and sit wherever (you want).

(introducing a question, emphatic):
Wherever did you get that extraordinary hat?
I have been looking for this key since morning. Wherever did you find it?

The word wherever can also be used for showing that you do not know where something is.
He said that he was going to Park Avenue, wherever that is.
I want to enjoy myself and feel important, wherever that may be.

I can perform whenever I want to, without the pressure of having to.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/jim_nabors_863564

WHERE

WHERE there's life, there's hope. (querer es poder)

Other uses
as a noun (the place): We've decided the where of the meeting and need to tie down the when.

Expressions
Where on earth (where, in what place): With every drop of water you drink, every breath you take, you're connected to the sea. No matter where on Earth you live.

WHEREAS

(1. while, on the contrary, while in contrast, mientras que, 2. it may also be explanatory (meaning: 'in view of the fact that').

I don't like Dante, WHEREAS Homer is adorable.

Don't force yourself to write. Some people can write a novel in a few months, WHEREAS for others it can take over a year.

The secret of freedom lies in educating people, WHEREAS the secret of tyranny is in keeping them ignorant.

Friendships in childhood are usually a matter of chance, WHEREAS in adolescence they are most often a matter of choice.

When people see an actor speak, they think they know him or her, WHEREAS, I'm just a face or a body to them.
Old age is life's parody, WHEREAS death transforms life into a destiny. Death does away with time. Simone de Beauvoir.

WHETHER
(1.if, 2. regardless of which, ya sea ... o ... )

(1) I think it matters WHETHER someone has a good heart. (kind, caring, and generous: She is good-hearted, a good-hearted boy)

(1) When I write I'm very uncertain WHETHER it's good enough. That is, of course, the writer's agony.
(1) It's not the situation, but WHETHER we react negative or respond positive to the situation that is important.

(1) It's refreshing to have some time off from wondering WHETHER I look fat.
(2) Anyone, WHETHER rich or poor, can be affected by a natural disaster. (tanto si, aunque)

WHETHER
(if, regardless of which, tanto si, aunque sea, bien/ya ... o ...)

Usage note
1. used when someone does not know which of two possibilities is true:

They asked us whether / if we were married.

There is some doubt as to whether the illness is infectious.

whether...or:

She doesn’t even know whether her daughter is dead or alive.

Anyone, whether rich or poor, can be affected by a natural disaster.

whether or not:

I still don’t know whether or not he’s planning to come.

2. used when someone can choose between two possibilities:

Employees are deciding whether to accept the offer.

whether or not:

There was a debate over whether or not to send troops.

3. used for saying that it does not matter which of two possibilities is true, because the situation will be the same:

The journey, whether by road or rail, takes under four hours.

whether...or not:

Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to change your lifestyle.

whether...or (whether):

Whether we win or whether we lose, we shall respect the democratic process.

WHETHER AND IF
Both whether and if can be used to introduce indirect questions of the type that expect a ‘yes/no’ answer: She asked whether/if I liked jazz.

Use whether, but not if, before an infinitive: She can’t decide whether to marry him.

Use whether, but not if, after a preposition: There are doubts about whether the system is safe; There is some doubt as to whether the illness is infectious.

Use whether, but not if, immediately before ‘or not’: The question is whether or not the government has the right to interfere.

Whether is generally preferred when ‘or’ appears later in the sentence, but you can also use if: It is not clear whether/if the information was stolen or deliberately leaked to the press.

WHETHER OR NOT (no matter if, even if)

I don't worry about whether or not people like me.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/katherine_ryan_847035

I don't worry about WHETHER OR NOT people like me.

I don't think you choose WHETHER OR NOT you're gay.
I'll go to the game, WHETHER OR NOT it rains. (no matter if, even if)
(You must enjoy the journey because) WHETHER OR NOT you get there, you must have fun on the way.

You never want to defend a joke. People get to choose WHETHER OR NOT to laugh and WHETHER OR NOT they think something is funny.

WHICH

I'm a perfectionist, WHICH I think is a mistake.

One of my favourite films is big fish WHICH I think is masterpiece.

A lot of people make fashion their whole life, WHICH I think is not cool.

I don't tend to write when I'm happy, WHICH I think is pretty obvious.

I'm lucky enough to be mentally strong, WHICH I think is fundamental for a goalkeeper. David de Gea.

Which is why (for which reason, this being why, formal)
There are no absolutes. Courage for me isn’t the same as courage for you, which is why, in the end, you have to trust yourself.

I spent years and thousands of dollars trying to learn. I didn’t give up, which is why I am here today.

Used as a pronoun (the fact that, lo que)

We strive to be ourselves…The goal is absolutely secondary: it is the functioning toward the goal WHICH (I think) is important.

WHILE

(as/so long as, although, even though, when, during the time that, but)

Life is what happens to you WHILE you're busy making other plans. J. Lennon
Motivation is what gets you started WHILE habit is what keeps you going.
WHILE being married is generally better for your wallet than being single, getting a divorce cancels that benefit – and then some. (but)
Listening to your instincts, WHILE being the easiest, can also be the hardest thing to do. (although, even though)

WHILE (I was) in Rome, I did a lot of sightseeing. (when, during the time that)

I'm not the only foreigner who took up golf while living in Jakarta.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/raymond_bonner_625585

I'm not the only foreigner who took up golf WHILE living in the States. (when, during the time that)
We can feel joy even WHILE having a bad day, a bad week, or even a bad year!
Death is not the greatest loss in life. The greatest loss is what dies inside us WHILE we live (during the time that).
Some people dream of success, WHILE other people get up every morning and make it happen. (and, but, mientras que)
Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength, WHILE loving someone deeply gives you courage. (but, and, mientras que)
I write WHILE watching TV. I jot down ideas for later WHILE sitting at stoplights, WHILE shopping, WHILE out to dinner. (an elliptical version of the clause "while I'm watching TV").
My emotions are usually my weakness, but they are my strength WHILE acting.
I write songs all the time. Sometimes they're just weird songs I sing WHILE changing a baby, or songs about annoying things that I sing to myself, or to friends while sitting at a bar, or about Christmas or New York.
I didn't grow up WHILE / during the time that Louis Armstrong or Miles Davis and all those people were playing.
I didn't grow up WHILE / during the time Whitney Houston was in her prime / was playing, but I do know a couple of her most popular songs.

(*)
"While" can be used to join two independent clauses. "While I was working on my homework, my brother was helping mom." or "My car was leaking oil while I was driving down the freeway."
When the subject is removed from an independent clause, it become a dependent clause because now it relies on the independent clause for meaning. "While fishing in the lagoon," means nothing unless you combine it with "he caught two fish." (I prefer fish instead of fishes.) which is an independent clause.

Other uses
As a noun (a while, a long while, a while ago ...)
There's a difference between solitude and loneliness. I can understand the concept of being a monk for a WHILE. Tom Hanks
I had to stop driving my car for a WHILE ... the tires got dizzy.
I had short hair for a WHILE, but I ended up loving it

I had to stop driving my car for a while... the tires got dizzy.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/steven_wright_102557

WHY

Other uses Used as a noun: He who has a why to live can bear almost any how. Friedrich Nietzsche
Eliminate the whos, the wheres, the whats, the whens that keep you from your identity. Do it by process of elimination: eliminate what you're not first and you'll find yourself where you need to be: you are the author of the book of your life"

3. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS
(Conjunction pairs)

Correlative conjunctions sometimes create problems in parallel form: You are as young as your self-confidence, as old as your fears .

AS / SO ... AS ... (such that, como)

You're AS old AS you feel.

I sometimes wish I weren't as logical as I am and I wish I weren't as smart as I am, because I'd be happy. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/rush_limbaugh_595490

I sometimes wish I weren't AS logical AS I am and I wish I weren't AS smart AS I am, because I'd be happy.

You're as old as you feel Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/roy_hodgson_989569

I try to challenge myself as much as possible, as often as possible. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/alan_dean_foster_263720

It's never AS good AS it feels, and it's never AS bad AS it seems.
You must be aware that your reader is at least AS bright AS you are.

I'm not SO clever AS everyone thinks.

Other uses

As an adverb (expressing similarity or equality):

Vanity is as old as the mammoth. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/w_l_george_387869

Vanity is as old as the hills The future influences the present just AS much AS the past. I try to challenge myself AS much AS possible, AS often AS possible.

AS MUCH ... AS

Dreams have as much influence as actions Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/stephane_mallarme_405084

Dreams have AS MUCH influence AS actions

BOTH ... AND ...

I'm against abortion unless having the baby will kill BOTH the mother AND the baby.
I'm entirely self-taught, which I think is BOTH a blessing AND a curse.

EITHER ... OR ... (one or another)

I say what I want to say and do what I want to do. There's no in between. People will EITHER love you for it OR hate you for it. Eminem
EITHER you love me OR you don't! (o me amas o no!)
EITHER you know it OR you don't! EITHER you love me, OR you hate me. There's no in between. (a middle position
Everything we do is EITHER for pleasure OR to avoid pain. * Everything we do, we do it to seek pleasure AND avoid pain.
EITHER you love me OR not at all. EITHER I am all yours OR I am nobody's.
There is nothing EITHER good OR bad, but thinking makes it so.
EITHER the / this / that wallpaper goes OR I do. Oscar Wilde.
I don't believe there's two sides to every story. It's EITHER either black OR white. There's right and wrong.
Valentine's Day is definitely one of those days where it's EITHER awesome OR it's a downer.
I'm EITHER going to be a writer OR a bum.

Idiomatic expressions
either way: adv (1. in either case, in one case or the other, whichever it's true, 2. anyhow, anyway, in any case, in any event, sea como sea, en cualquier caso):
Marry or don't marry; you will regret it either way. (either/or by S. Kierkegaard)
Rooting for the offense is the safe way to go. You win either way.
People are going to have their opinions. Whether it's good or bad, I don't really think about it either way.

either-or, either/or informal (adj. with two choices): una de dos.
Abortion is an either/or issue / proposition: The issue of abortion is often presented as a rights issue. It is treated as an either/or proposition: either you eagerly accept it (are all for it) or you are behind the times (utterly against it).

Other uses
Used as an adjective: (each of two, ambas)
There's a rest area on either side of the road.
Impartial: unable to perceive any promise of personal advantage from espousing either side of a controversy. Ambrose Bierce

Impartial - unable to perceive any promise of personal advantage from espousing either side of a controversy. Ambrose Bierce
Read more at https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/ambrose_bierce_402900

Used as an adverb: ('also' in the negative, tampoco)
I didn't like the film either.

either vs each
Each is a synonym of either. As determiners the difference between each and either is that each is all; every; while either is each of two
each and either can be used almost interchangeably.
Each (all, every): Is used to refer everyone of two or more things, or people.
1-Each one of us was asked a question.
2-Each room must be cleaned.
Either (each of two): One or the other of two people or things.
1- You will either do it, or keep finding an excuses.
2- Either you run the day, or the day runs you.

HARDLY ... WHEN ...

(no sooner ... than)

HARDLY had I reached the station WHEN the train came.

Other uses (only hardly)

as an adverb (only just, emphatic: scarcely, escasamente, apenas)

Life is all memory, except for the one present moment that goes by you so quickly you hardly catch it going. Tennessee Williams
He who does not mind his belly, will hardly mind anything else. Samuel Johnson
A friend is long sought, hardly found, and with difficulty kept.

IF ... THEN ...

IF you fear loneliness, THEN don't get married. Chekhov
IF you cant explain it simply THEN you dont understand it well enough. Albert Einstein.

NEITHER ... NOR ...

Marriage is NEITHER heaven NOR hell, it is simply purgatory (Shakespeare)
The stupid NEITHER forgive NOR forget; the naive forgive and forget; the wise forgive but do not forget.
Since I am a child of the last century, I am NEITHER on facebook, NOR on twitter, NOR on instagram, NOR on youtube or any other site.
NEITHER praise NOR blame yourself. (Plutarch)
NEITHER a borrower, NOR a lender be.
There can be NEITHER today without yesterday NOR tomorrow without today.
Whichever / whatever way you go, there is NEITHER right OR wrong way, rather shades of grey. (on the contrary, mas bien)
I'm boring. My beliefs are NEITHER here NOR there (it's no big deal, irrelevant)
There are NEITHER winners NOR losers; there are only stages that must be gone through.
There would be NEITHER winners NOR losers in a global nuclear conflict.

Binomials with "neither ... nor ..."
(to be) neither here nor there. (irrelevant, unimportant)

Whether or not I agree with you is neither here nor there.

Other uses of "neither"
(As a conjunction): and not either.

Men don't want any responsibility, and neither do I. Julie Christie
I never take my work home, and neither do I involve my family in work.

People often say that motivation doesn't last. Well, neither does bathing - that's why we recommend it daily. (and not either)
I don't follow fashions, but neither am I old fashioned. And I don't care whether anyone likes what I wear or not.
I don't eat fast food, and neither should you!

NOT ... BUT (RATHER) ...

One is NOT deceived by one's senses, BUT by one's judgement ...
One is NOT born, BUT RATHER becomes, a woman. Simone de Beauvoir
It is NOT a lack of love, BUT a lack of friendship that makes unhappy marriages. Friedrich Nietzsche
The most beautiful words in the world are NOT "I love you", BUT "It's benign. Woody Allen
It's NOT the situation, BUT whether we react negative(ly) or respond positive(ly) to the situation that is important.
Life is a play. It's NOT its length, BUT its performance that counts. Seneca
NOT ONLY is there no God, BUT try finding a plumber on Sunday / on weekends.
Happiness doesN'T depend on anybody but ourselves / me.

We are NOT in the world to be good BUT to change it.

I speak the truth NOT so much as I would, BUT as much as I dare, and I dare a little more as I grow older. Michel de Montaigne Success isN'T something you achieve by accident, BUT RATHER by design.
There is no doubt that life is given (to) us, NOT not to be enjoyed, BUT to be overcome / to be got over. Arthur Schopenhauer

The greatest glory in living lies NOT in never falling, BUT in rising every time we fall. Ralph Waldo Emerson.

The world shall perish NOT for lack of wonders, BUT for lack of wonder.
Man is NOT the sum of what he has already, BUT RATHER the sum of what he does not yet have, of what he could have. Jean-Paul Sartre
Good writing is supposed to evoke sensation in the reader; NOT the fact that it is raining, BUT the feeling of being rained upon.
We are NOT rich by what we possess BUT by what we can do without. I. Kant.
The alternative to peace is NOT victory BUT death. Think about it before it's too late.

NOT ONLY .... BUT (ALSO)

The man of knowledge must be able NOT ONLY to love his enemies BUT ALSO to hate his friends. Friedrich Nietzsche
Sports NOT ONLY build better athletes BUT ALSO better people.
Wisdom NOT ONLY gets, BUT (ALSO) once got, retains

Other uses

Change is NOT ONLY likely, it's inevitable.

NOT / NOTHING ... SO MUCH AS ...

not so much sth as sth

If you say that something is not so much one thing as something else,

you mean it is more the second thing:

They're not so much lovers as friends.

I don't feel angry so much as sad.

DON'T BE afraid of death SO MUCH AS an inadequate life. Bertolt Brecht

I do NOT fear Satan half SO MUCH AS I fear those who fear him. Saint Teresa of Avila

NOTHING strengthens authority SO MUCH AS silence. Leonardo da Vinci

It is / was not that ... so much as ... (that ...)

IT IS NOT the ship SO MUCH AS the skillful sailing that assures the prosperous voyage.

Other uses of "It is / was not that" ...

It was not that socialism failed, it was the lack of socialism.

I always liked acting, but it was not that I was dying to become an actress. It just happened, and I am enjoying it.

NO SOONER ... THAN ...

(hardly ... when ...)

NO SOONER had I finished one project THAN I started working on the next.

RATHER ... THAN ...

I'd RATHER annoy with the truth THAN please with adulation. Seneca
I don't yet think of writing as a profession. If I can get money for it, that's fine. But I'd RATHER wash dishes THAN write just for money.
I would RATHER be dead THAN not read.


SO ... AS (WHEN) ...

Nothing SO needs reforming AS other people's habits. (Mark Twain)
We are never SO defenseless against suffering AS WHEN we love. (S. Freud)

SO (MANY) ... THAT ...

There are SO MANY laws THAT no-one can rule out being hanged.

The line between failure and success is SO fine THAT we scarcely know when we pass it: SO fine THAT we are often on the line and do not know it.

Be ever engaged, so that whenever the devil calls he may find you occupied.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/st_jerome_190056

The chains of wedlock are SO heavy THAT it takes two to carry them – and sometimes three. (adding information)

THE ... THE ...

THE weaker the body THE more it demands; THE stronger it is THE more it obeys. J.J. Rosseau.
Happiness is a marvellous thing: THE more you give, THE more you are left with.
THE more things a man is ashamed of, THE more respectable he is. (honest)

THE more stuff you can eliminate from your plate, THE more you get done. THE older you get, THE further you go in life, THE more you're left with lingering regrets and THE more those become part of the tapestry of your life. (tapiz)

WHETHER ... OR (NOT) ...

When it comes to life the critical thing is WHETHER you take things for granted OR take them with gratitude. Gilbert K. Chesterton

WHETHER you hang yoursel OR don't hang yourself, you will regret both. Soren kierkegaard. (either/or).
Happiness is a choice. You can choose to be happy. There's going to be stress in life, but it's your choice WHETHER you let it affect you OR not.

I think whether you're having setbacks or not, the role of a leader is to always display a winning attitude. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/colin_powell_446006?src=t_whether

I think WHETHER you're having setbacks OR not, the role of a leader is to always display a winning attitude.
WHETHER you win OR lose doesn't matter as long as you do your best. It doesn't matter as long as you do your best.
It's not WHETHER you win OR lose, it's how many people remember you when you die.
I don't care WHETHER anyone likes what I wear NOR not.

4. Adverbial conjunctions (conjunctive adverbs)

Location of a conjunctive adverb in a sentence

1. A conjunctive adverb (e.g., however, instead, nevertheless, therefore, moreover, likewise, furthermore, consequently, etc.) can be used at the beginning, middle, or end of a single independent clause. The beginning or middle is preferred to the end position.

A conjunctive adverb connects two independent clauses or sentences. Typically, adverbs modify other words (verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs). Conjunctive adverbs, however, are used to modify two independent clauses and join them together, behaving more like coordinating conjunctions.

Adverbial conjunctions in action Conjunctive Adverbs in Action

An adverbial conjunction, which can also be called a conjunctive adverb, brings together two complete thoughts. Each clause would be able to stand on its own as a separate sentence. A conjunctive adverb then provides a smooth transition from one thought to the next.

Typically, the first clause is followed by a semicolon. Conjunctive adverbs are not strong enough to join two clauses without some punctuation. Then, there's usually a comma after the conjunctive adverb.

Conjunctive adverbs show contrast, comparison, and other types of relationships, so it can help to group them according to each function. This may help you understand them better:

Sometimes, the function of conjunctive adverbs is addition (in addition, next, also, again, furthermore), comparison (also, likewise, similarly), concession

granted, of course, still, nevertheless, contrast (in contrast, however, instead, in spite of, rather, emphasis (indeed, of course, certainly, further), illustrate (for example, namely, that is, for instance, summarize (all in all, that is, in summary, finally, in conclusion), and finally. Conjunctive adverbs may also signify time (before meanwhile, lately, now, since, in the meantime)

* Change brings opportunities. On the other hand, change can be confusing.

* I'm against abortion. On the other hand, I believe in a woman's choice.

Commas with conjunctive adverbs

2. Use a comma after a conjunctive adverb when it starts a single independent clause.

I wrote for ten hours. However, I didn't finish my composition.

I wrote for ten hours. Nevertheless, I didn't finish my composition.

I was tired. Therefore, I went to bed.

I was tired. Consequently, I went to bed.

3a. Use commas around a conjunctive adverb when it comes between a subject and main verb in a single independent clause.

I wrote for ten hours. I didn't, however, finish my composition.

3b. Use a comma before a conjunctive adverb when it ends a single independent clause.

I wrote for ten hours. I didn't finish my composition, however.

ADVANCED CONJUNCTIONS and ADVERBS

THEREBY (adverb)
(by that means, así, de ese modo/manera)

We are by nature observers, and THEREBY learners. That is our perma- nent state. Ralph Waldo Emerson.

My father is someone who asks doubts,THEREBY triggering new thoughts.

Instead of asking God to remove our problems so that our lives might be happy, we must purposefully try to learn as much as we can - and THEREBY become happier due to our insights and growth.

We are by nature observers, and thereby learners. That is our permanent state. Ralph Waldo Emerson
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THEREIN (adverb)
formal (In that thing or place, 2. In that matter: en ello/eso)

Everything has its wonders, even darkness and silence, and I learn, whatever state I may be in, THEREIN to be content.

Love many things, for THEREIN lies the true strength, and whosoever loves much performs much, and can accomplish much, and what is done in love is done well. Vincent Van Gogh

THEREOF (adverb) formal
1. of it, del mismo, de esto/eso. 2. from that source)

If you have questions concerning this document, or any part THEREOF, please do not hesitate to contact me.

WHEREIN (conjunction)
literary, formal (the way in which, en que forma, 2. where)

Memory is the treasure house of the mind WHEREIN the monuments thereof (of it) are kept and preserved.

WHEREBY (conjunction)
(through which, a traves del cual, por el que)

Being a Christian is more than just an instantaneous conversion - it is a daily process WHEREBY you grow to be more and more like Christ.

Speech was given to the ordinary sort or men, whereby to communica- te their mind; but to wise men, WHEREBY to conceal it.

Speech was given to the ordinary sort or men, whereby to communicate their mind; but to wise men, whereby to conceal it.
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HEREBY (adverb)
formal (in this act, por la presente)

I HEREBY accuse the North American empire of being the biggest menace to our planet. Hugo Chavez

I HEREBY swear, that we will never act against the principle of equal rights.

THEREAFTER (adverb)
formal (from then, a partir de

The manager made it clear that she wouldn't tolerate anyone being late for work and no one was late THEREAFTER.

TWO CONJUNCTIONS TOGETHER FOR EMPHASIS

you can put two conjunctions together, but only if the first one is a coordinating conjunction (and, or, so, but, for, yet, nor) and the second one a subordinating conjunction (because, after, although, since, etc.). For example, "but because" and "so although" are correct, but not "because but"or "although so". As for the position of not, it comes before the subordinating conjunction it modifies.

It’s easy to forget that the one you admire has been where you are. It’s easy to forget, so remind yourself of the fact that we are all the same, and if that is true, you can do this as well, even if you doubt yourself.

My mother is my manager and so (she) knows exactly what I do and so on.

I'm cheap, and so I don't like wasting.

The student did not turn in his final research paper, and so he earned a failing grade for the course.

Kids like classic rock, and so do adults.

Writing is my way of expressing - and thereby eliminating - all the various ways we can be wrong-headed (showing bad judgment, equivocado)

Instead of asking God to remove our problems so that our lives might be happy, we must purposefully try to learn as much as we can - and thereby become happier due to our insights and growth.

He has a good job, and yet he never seems to have any money.

And yet it moves. (albeit it does move). Meaning: It doesn't matter what you believe; these are the facts.

I was extremely lucky. I had some huge crashes and yet I am still here, thanks to God. Emerson Fittipaldi

Sorrow is so easy to express and yet so hard to tell.

I am incapable of conceiving infinity, and yet I do not accept finity. S. Beauvoir

The essence of romantic love is that wonderful beginning, after which sadness and impossibility may become the rule.

Happiness is a ball after which we run wherever it rolls, and we push it with our feet when it stops. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

It doesn’t matter if you believe yourself to be a slow learner, because if you never start, you never get anywhere.

* go off (go away: marcharse, lose liking for sth/so: also desenamorarse, inf:food spoil (pasarse), bomb: explode, alarm: sound,

If you feel lonely, that is one thing, but if you are afraid of being alone, try to remain optimistic about your future.

You can try to learn as much as you want, but if you do not take action, you won’t get any results.

I don't follow fashions, but neither am I old fashioned.

He has a good job, but still he never seems to have any money.

My 20s were peaceful, privileged, but still I felt the desire to write angsty dramas.showing, or expressing anxiety, or insecurity: marked by angst.

It's amazing how little you can see people but still stay in regular contact.

Sometimes I can't believe I'm going to be 60. I always say there's no point moaning about getting older, when there's nothing you can do about it. But still, I do find it quite funny. I look at that number, 60, and I think, 'Really? Me?

It can take a while to find your passion, but when you do find it, it’s your duty to give it your all.

We can have absolutely no idea who we will be if and when tragedy strikes.

Keep up the good work, if only for a while, if only for the twinkling of a tiny galaxy.

If when we are taught English we are just taught the rules of grammar, it would take all our love of our language away from us. What makes us love a subject like English is when we learn all these fantastic stories. Feeding the imagination is what makes a subject come alive.

I think I tell less truth when I write journalism than when I write fiction.

Never insult an alligator until after you have crossed the river.

I don't think anyone should write their autobiography until after they're dead.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/samuel_goldwyn_100134

I don't think anyone should write their autobiography until after they're dead.

Never insult an alligator until after you have crossed the river.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/cordell_hull_207380

People seldom become famous for what they say until after they are famous for what they've done.

THREE OR MORE CONJUNCTIONS

If and when we get married, only a completely opposite system will prevail. David O. Selznick

I get to actually say I am a Stanford man. There's no ifs, ands, or buts about it. (nominalization, conjunction as a noun).

I get to actually say I am a Stanford man. There's no if, ands, or buts about it.
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If and when we get married, only a completely opposite system will prevail. David O. Selznick
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GERUND AFTER CONJUNCTIONS

Don't apply for this job unless you have / having experience on WordPress.

Ever since going to university I wanted to study korean and maybe a little bit of japanese too.
My last few years, ever since going to university, have been anything but dull, in general.

Subordinating Conjunctions vs. Relative Pronouns

There is another group of words that sometimes introduce dependent clauses. These are called relative pronouns, and although they look and act very similar to coordinating conjunctions, they are different. True relative pronouns are “that,” “who” and “which,” "whom", "where" and they differ from subordinating conjunctions in that they act as the subject of a dependent clause whereas subordinating conjunctions do not. Subordinating conjunctions are followed by the subject of their clause. Consider a few examples:

John is the guy who came over for dinner last week. - Here, we have two clauses. “John is the guy” is the main clause, and “who came over for dinner last week” gives us more information about John. The word “who” acts as the subject of the dependent clause.

We talked about music and movies while we ate. - Again, we have two clauses. “We talked about music and movies” is the main clause, and “while we ate” gives us more information. However, in this example, both clauses have the subject “we.” The word “while” does not act as the subject of the dependent clause.

PARTS OF SPEECH

(Content and function words)

When discussing about words, we sometimes make an important distinction between two types of words: content words and function words (also referred to as open-class words (parts of speech or word classes that readily accept new members) and closed-class words, respectively).

Each word in English belongs to one of the eight parts of speech. Each word is also either a content word or a function word. Let's think about what these two types mean:

Content Words vs. Function Words

Content words = information, real meaning, words that name objects of reality and their qualities, such as: nouns (Sophie, chair, computer etc.) , verbs (hit, swim, eat etc.),  adverbs (wrongly, frequently, generally etc.) and adjectives (beautiful, green, fantastic etc.).
Function words = necessary words for grammar, carry only grammatical meaning such as: prepositions (in, on, at etc.),  auxiliaries (are, was, do etc.),  quantifiers (some, any, all etc.) and  pronouns (he, we, this etc.).

In other words, content words give us the most important information while function words are used to stitch (join) those words together.

Content Word Types

Content words are usually nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. A noun tells us which object, a verb tells us about the action happening, or the state. Adjectives give us details about objects and people and adverbs tell us how, when or where something is done. Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs give us important information required for understanding.

Noun = person, place or thing
Verb = action, state
Adjective = describes an object, person, place or thing
Adverb = tells us how, where or when something happens
Interjection = sometimes called "filled pauses", is a part of speech that demonstrates the emotion or feeling of the author. These words or phrases can stand alone, or be placed before or after a sentence. Many times, you'll notice many interjections are followed by an exclamation point.

Function Word Types

Function words help us connect important information. Function words are important for understanding, but they add little meaning beyond defining the relationship between two words. Function words include auxiliary verbs, prepositions, articles, conjunctions, and pronouns. Auxiliary verbs are used to establish the tense, prepositions show relationships in time and space, articles show us something that is specific or one of many, and pronouns refer to other nouns.

Auxiliary verbs = do, be, have (help with conjugation of tense)
Prepositions = show relationships in time and space
Articles = used to indicate specific or non-specific nouns
Quantifiers = some, any, all etc.
Conjunctions = words that connect
Pronouns = refer to other nouns
Expletives = take the place of sentences, among other functions.
Pro-sentences = yes, okay, etc.
Particles = up, on, down
Adpositions (1) = uninflected in English prepositions and postpositions)

Knowing the difference between content and functions words is important because content words are stressed in conversation in English. Function words are non-stressed. In other words, function words are not emphasized in speech, while content words are highlighted. Knowing the difference between content and function words can help you in understanding, and, most importantly, in pronunciation skills.

(1) Adpositions
Prepositions and postpositions, together called adpositions (or broadly, in English, simply prepositions),are a class of words used to express spatial or temporal relations (in, under, towards, before) or mark various semantic roles (of, for).
A preposition or postposition typically combines with a noun or pronoun, or more generally a noun phrase, this being called its complement, or sometimes object. A preposition comes before its complement; a postposition comes after its complement. English generally has prepositions rather than postpositions – words such as in, under and of precede their objects, such as in England, under the table, of Jane – although there are a few exceptions including "ago" and "notwithstanding", as in "three days ago" and "financial limitations notwithstanding". Some languages that use a different word order, have postpositions instead, or have both types. The phrase formed by a preposition or postposition together with its complement is called a prepositional phrase (or postpositional phrase, adpositional phrase, etc.) – such phrases usually play an adverbial role in a sentence.
A less common type of adposition is the circumposition, which consists of two parts that appear on each side of the complement. Other terms sometimes used for particular types of adposition include ambiposition, inposition and interposition. Some linguists use the word preposition in place of adposition regardless of the applicable word order.

Postpositions

Postposition is a word that shows the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence. A postposition is similar in function to a preposition, but it follows rather than precedes the object.

It's generally accepted that the only common postposition in English is the word ago. Together, prepositions and postpositions are called adpositions.

Notwithstanding
She went to the game anyway, doctor's orders notwithstanding.

Hence

Although ago is . . . usually said to be the only independent postposition of English, the formal use of hence with the meaning 'from now' (as in three weeks hence) seems to be used identically. Traces of postpositional constructions are found in expressions like the whole week through and all the year round.

Circumpositional phrases

Circumpositional phrases involve both a preposition and a postposition, whereby the complement appears between the two. Circumpositions are common in Pashto and Kurdish. English has at least one circumpositional construction, e.g.

From now on, he won't help.

FUNCTION WORD
In linguistics, function words (also called functors)^[1] are words that have little lexical meaning or have ambiguous meaning and express grammatical relationships among other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker. They signal the structural relationships that words have to one another and are the glue that holds sentences together. Thus they form important elements in the structures of sentences.^[2]
Words that are not function words are called content words (or open class words or lexical words or autosemantic words): these include nouns, verbs, adjectives, and most adverbs, although some adverbs are function words (e.g., then and why). Dictionaries define the specific meanings of content words, but can only describe the general usages of function words. By contrast, grammars describe the use of function words in detail, but treat lexical words in general terms only.
Since it was first proposed in 1952 by C. C. Fries, this distinguishing of function/structure words from content/lexical words has been highly influential in the grammar used in second language acquisition and English language teaching.

Grammaticalization

GRAMMATICALIZATION VS. LEXICALIZATION: THE FUNCTIONAL DISCOURSE GRAMMAR VIEW https://riull.ull.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/915/4572/RCEI_67_%282013%29_05.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Grammaticalization, process by which words representing objects and actions transform to become grammatical markers .
In historical linguistics and language change, grammaticalization (also known as grammatization or grammaticization) is a process of language change by which words representing objects and actions (i.e. nouns and verbs) become grammatical markers (affixes, prepositions, etc.). Thus it creates new function words by a process other than deriving them from existing bound, inflectional constructions, instead deriving them from content words. For example, the Old English verb willan 'to want', 'to wish' has become the Modern English auxiliary verb will, which expresses intention or simply futurity. Some concepts are often grammaticalized, while others, such as evidentiality, are not so much.
For an understanding of this process, a distinction needs to be made between lexical items, or content words, which carry specific lexical meaning, and grammatical items, or function words, with little or no lexical meaning, which serve to express grammatical relationships between the different words in an utterance. Grammaticalization has been defined as "the change whereby lexical items and constructions come in certain linguistic contexts to serve grammatical functions, and, once grammaticalized, continue to develop new grammatical functions". Simply said, grammaticalization is the process in which a lexical word or a word cluster loses some or all of its lexical meaning and starts to fulfil a more grammatical function. Where grammaticalization takes place, nouns and verbs which carry certain lexical meaning develop over time into grammatical items such as auxiliaries, case markers, inflections, and sentence connectives.
A well-known example of grammaticalization is that of the process in which the lexical cluster let us, for example in "let us eat", is reduced to let's as in "let's you and me fight". Here, the phrase has lost its lexical meaning of "allow us" and has become an auxiliary introducing a suggestion, the pronoun 'us' reduced first to a suffix and then to an unanalyzed phoneme.

Anthimeria (aka conversion or functional shift). The term "Cline"(*)
(*) species: variation.
In rhetoric, anthimeria, traditionally and more properly called antimeria involves using one part of speech as another part of speech, such as using a noun as if it were a verb: "The little old lady turtled along the road." Using a noun as a verb has become so common that many nouns have also become verbs. For example, the noun "book" is now often used as a verb, as in the example "Let's book the flight". Other noun-as-verb usages include "I can keyboard that for you," "We need to scissor expenses," and "Desk him." Other substitutions could include an adjective used as a noun, as in "She dove into the foaming wet," interjection as verb, as in "Don't aha me!" a verb as a noun, as in "Help! I need some eat!" and so on.

Some conjunctions, mainly those indicating spatial or temporal relations, can be modified by lexical elements, just as other lexical heads. The man, who said his name was Dave, told detectives about a friend who’d been looking for Carol shortly before she died. b. Although conjunctions do not form the basis for word formation, as other lexical items do, some minor cases of conversion to nouns can be found.

No buts, ifs, and, maybes or becauses, shouted the headmaster.

However, three traditional subordinating conjunctions should be excluded, namely, the complementizer that, whether and if (in its meaning equivalent to whether).

Anthimeria (also known as antimeria) is the usage of a word in a new grammatical form, most often the usage of a noun as a verb.
Anthimeria is often used in everyday conversation as a form of slang.

Examples of Anthimeria

I could use a good sleep. (Here, the word “sleep,” usually a verb, is used as a noun).

She headed the ball. (In soccer, “heading” the ball is to hit the ball with one’s forehead.

Don’t forget to hashtag that post.

This is a recent form of anthimeria, as “hashtagging” and “hashtag” have only just recently been added to the lexicon with popular social networking sites like Twitter and Instagram.
hashtag: a word or phrase preceded by a hash sign (#), used on social media websites and applications, especially Twitter, to identify messages on a specific topic.
hash: cannabis, food (guiso), a mess (I made a hash of my last job);
hash house US, slang (cheap restaurant).
hash mark n. symbol (almohadilla)
hash v. informal (negotiate, discuss [sth], debatir algo.
tag m. label on clothing (etiqueta)
tag s.o. as: identify as: At an early age, Karen's teachers tagged her as a troublemaker.
tagged vs branded figurative (person: stigmatized): branded a fool (Sandy from grease)
tag (n. graffiti: identifying symbol): The graffiti artist finished her work by adding her tag.
tagline, tag line (punchline, slogan): lema, mensaje.

Types of Anthimeria

Just as slang sometimes becomes everyday accepted language, anthimeria sometimes becomes permanent in use as well. Because of this, there are two types of anthimeria: temporary and permanent.
Temporary anthimeria is anthimeria which may be popular or trendy but which does not become a permanent part of the language. One example of temporary anthimeria is “hashtagging,” as it has only just recently emerged and may or may not last very long.
Permanent anthimeria, on the other hand, is anthimeria which has emerged and become a permanent part of the language. “Texting,” for example, is on the verge of becoming a permanent fixture in our language. “Typing” has become one already.
1. n. use of a keyboard to compose text, uso de un teclado)
Typing is a skill everyone needs these days
2. v. science: determination of type (classification): Typing the samples took some time. (classifying the types / samples)

The Importance of Using Anthimeria

Anthimeria is also known as a conversion or functional shift in grammar studies. This is because anthimeria is a way in which our language transforms and changes over time. Words once designated as nouns or verbs become adjectives or other types of speech. Whereas we tend to think of language as something unchanging, in reality, it is constantly evolving with technology, need, and new poetic ways of saying things.

77 QUOTES THAT WILL TRANSFORM YOUR LIFE

COURAGE

Courage is the discovery that you may not win, and trying when you know you can lose.

It is said that the only fears we are born with are the fear of falling and the fear of loud noises, the rest is learned.

There’s nothing wrong with failure. In fact, if you never fail, you will never grow.

The more comfortable I get with being uncomfortable, the faster I grow.

When you’re moving forward and making progress, you will feel uncomfortable, and that’s okay.

We grow up with the idea that we have to look for others for answers.

Instead of seeking approval, look inside of yourself and feel what is right.

No one can tell you exactly what to do, because their destination is different from yours.

The fear of fear is worse than fear itself. You’ve probably heard it many times, but that’s because it’s true.

The bottom line is that you can your can overcome your fears and live the life of your dreams.

The more you can let go of fear, the faster you will grow.

When I think about letting go of fear, I think about acknowledging it and letting it be there.

If you wait to do everything until you’re sure it’s right, you’ll probably never do much of anything.

My answer is always the same: you have to try, fail and try again. There are no guarantees. There is only the path.

What is familiar is comfortable. Even though the familiar might be worse than the unfamiliar, we still tend to hold on to it, because going into the unknown is uncomfortable.

There are no absolutes. Courage for me isn’t the same as courage for you, which is why, in the end, you have to trust yourself.

There is far more opportunity than there is ability. Thomas A. Edison

If you have trouble procrastinating and taking action, practice the “5-minute rule”. Set a timer and promise yourself that you will work on the project for 5 minutes.

MOTIVATION

Dream as if you’ll live forever, live as if you’ll die today. James Dean

If you never start, you will never get anywhere. If you want to find your passion, it starts with trying.

You will fail, you will make mistakes, but that’s a part of the journey.

If you’re like most people, you don’t know how to even begin living a passionate life. That’s normal, and there’s a way out.

Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss, you’ll land among the stars.

I now make goals, but I am flexible about them. I am open to new possibilities.

Having a goal is essential, but use it as a guideline and not as something you have to reach.

Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts. Winston Churchill

Everything that you see around you will pass. Whatever success you may achieve will pass. Whatever failure you may run into will also pass.

Depression comes and goes. Doesn’t that make you wonder if life is more than chasing success and avoiding failure?

Whatever you do—keep going. When I started playing poker professiona-lly at the age of 18, I knew I was going to succeed.

I knew that others were making money playing poker, so I thought “if they can, so can I.”

There are several studies out there that show that even if you win the lottery, your state of happiness will return to its previous level in about a year.

What happens outside of you is of little importance, as long as you have the basic necessities.

Motivation is what gets you started while habit is what keeps you going.

When I started blogging, the first few months were easy, but then I started bumping into periods of low energy. (meet by chance, unexpectedly, find).

Be miserable. Or motivate yourself. Whatever has to be done, it’s always your choice.

You can blame external things if you want to, but it will never change how things are.

There’s always a way, if you’re committed.

INSPIRATION

As a writer, you have to first of all write what you want to. Listen to advice, by all means, but don't get bogged down in it.

Everything that has been invented has at one time or another been thought of as impossible.

Don’t let other people hold you down when it comes to going after your dreams. Trust your heart

Trust yourself. You know more than you think you do.

I know you may doubt yourself when it comes to following to your heart, but the more you do it, the easier it becomes.

The sooner you embrace an attitude of curiosity, the sooner you will start trusting yourself. So what if you make mistakes? Who cares?

Action will remove the doubt that theory cannot solve.

You can spend your whole life thinking and theorizing, but it is only through action that you gain clarity.

When I actually start taking action, things are much different than in theory.

Using no way as a way, using no limitation as limitation. Bruce Lee.

If you want a better, happier life, all you have to do is get started.

You cannot know everything before you start, so don’t even try. Just begin and expect mistakes. Learn from them and keep going.

You can change everything today if you want to, or you can keep living the life you’ve always lived. It’s up to you, but remember this: every moment is an opportunity to change your life.

SUCCESS

Find your passion and purpose in life. Love what you do and the end result will reflect it. If you do the work with joy, you will have no trouble perfecting every detail.

You can do what you love. There are people just like you, doing what you want to do. I may have different strengths than you, but in the end that doesn’t matter.

Don’t look at successful people and feel like you are not enough. If you want to get good at something, go do it.

Keep an open mind when you are following your passion. There will be surprises and obstacles on your path.

There are is no reason to be overly serious about what you do. Think back to your childhood years and your playfulness. Emulate it and your life becomes effortless.

In order for you to be successful, you will have to go through trials. You will make mistakes, you will screw up and you will be scared. It’s a part of life, so stop running away from it and start running towards it.

Everyone who got where he is has had to begin where he was. R.S. Stevenson

It’s easy to look at someone who’s already rocking it (*) when you yourself haven’t even gotten started.

* To do what you do in an outrageous and marvelous way; to do something very well.

You rock is a slang phrase of praise or encouragement conveying "You're awesome (at something)" or "You can do it!"

When I began my journey with making my passion a reality, I didn’t succeed right away. I spent years and thousands of dollars trying to learn. I didn’t give up, which is why I am here today.

Take action. Take Action. Take action. I can’t say it enough. If you want something, you have to take action. Plan, learn and absorb as much as you want, but without action, you will never get to where you want to be.

WISDOM

WHEN the solution is simple, God is answering. Albert Einstein

The human mind has a funny tendency of trying to make everything complex AND serious. It takes effort to keep things simple. Focus on simplicity.

Know thyself. Plato. We are all different. You have to find HOW you work AND what makes you happy.

Stop looking at others for answers AND find your own. It takes time, BUT there’s no rush anywhere. Enjoy the process, BECAUSE that’s what life is about.

IF you want to change AND start living with passion, you are the one that has to act.

ONCE you’ve rushed enough in your life, you will realize THAT there is nowhere to go. The need to go fast comes from a feeling of lack.

Who cares IF your god is better than mine IF all it leads to is hatred AND war? It’s time to sit down AND think about what we’re doing.

You may think THAT being successful OR having something will make you happy, BUT do you really believe that?.

ONCE you have strived enough, you may start questioning WHAT society has taught you. We do need the basics, BUT no more. IF you want to be happy AND at peace, look inward.

Do not overanalyze. Take action, RATHER THAN thinking too much. Most people are thinkers, BECAUSE it is easy, BUT few are doers. It’s hard, frustrating AND sometimes painful, BUT it works.

In order to make our dreams come true, we must take action RATHER THAN simply wishing for what we want.

THE sooner you get started, THE better off you will be. You will have to make mistakes, BECAUSE it is the only way.

TRUTH

WHEN you realize there is nothing lacking, the whole world belongs to you. Lao Tzu

Focusing on negativity is easy, BUT focusing on the positive is what makes a difference AND spurs you into action.

WHEN you face your fears, you grow stronger. Each time you do something you’re afraid of, it becomes easier. This has been true in my life, SO I have no doubt that the same will be true for you. WHEN you start out, it’s hard, BUT it gets easier. Trust me.

* Start out/off is usually used with a journey, but can also be used to mean that what you are doing will change later.

Be aware of the actions you take AND the consequences they have. It’s easy to act in haste. It’s easy to do selfish things. They may look good in the short-term, BUT in the long-term you’ll be digging your own grave. The same goes for going after your passion. It may be hard in the short-term, BUT it is more than worth it.

IF you want to make something happen in your life, you have to start failing, trying AND moving forward.

LIFE

IF you find something you love doing, you will be at peace. IF you strive for a big payday, you will be striving EVEN WHEN you hit your goal.

Thinking about an end goal will cause stress, BECAUSE your mind is focusing on the future, on lack, instead of focusing on what’s in front of you.

WHAT you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others. Confucius This is such a simple quote, YET so powerful. IF everyone lived by this, the world would be a better place.

Treat others with respect and kindness, BECAUSE that is how you would like to be treated, right?

One day you will die. Why not make your life worth it? Every fear you have will disappear. They exist BECAUSE you allow them to.

You don’t have to reinvent the wheel IF you’re starting something new. It’s perfectly okay to learn from someone who’s already been where you want to be.

Always bear in mind THAT your own resolution to succeed is more important THAN any other. Abraham Lincoln

We’re all going through this journey together, AND we all have our own problems. Remember to be kind. Remember others, BECAUSE you are not the only one that has problems. Focus your energy on being kind AND helping. You will see a difference in your life.

You have to be willing to take risks. I am talking about jumping into the unknown AND going after the things that excite you, EVEN IF you are afraid.

TIME

The only reason for time is SO THAT everything doesn’t happen at once. Albert Einstein.

Time is an interesting beast, BECAUSE it is relative. Put your hand on a stove AND time moves slowly. Watch an excellent movie with someone you love AND time flies by.

Do something THAT matters OR nothing at all.

Remember to be kind to the people around you AND remember to follow your heart. AND of course, remember to read inspiring quotes on a daily basis!

Ending Words

To me, life comes down to doing what you love AND living a life that makes you grateful to be alive.

For me it all started with finding my passion AND then relentlessly making it a reality.

It took time, I made mistakes, AND I wasted a lot of money, BUT today I get paid to do what I love.

It sounds cliché, BUT it’s true.

Be in the habit of experimenting with your clothing so that you don't get stuck for life Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/marilyn_vos_savant_365205

Be in the habit of experimenting with your clothing so that you don't get stuck for life with a self-image developed over the course of high school. Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/marilyn_vos_savant_365205

PRINTING

CONJUNCTIONS BOOK OK

CONJUNTIONS BOOK ok

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There are four kinds of conjunctions as follows:

1. Coordinating conjunctions

2. Subordinating conjunctions.

3. Correlative conjunctions.

4. Adverbial conjunctions.

not so much sth as sth

Location of a conjunctive adverb in a sentence

Commas with conjunctive adverbs

Subordinating Conjunctions vs. Relative Pronouns

When discussing about words, we sometimes make an important distinction between two types of words: content words and function words (also referred to as open-class words (parts of speech or word classes that readily accept new members) and closed-class words, respectively).

Content Words vs. Function Words

Content Word Types

Other Content Words

Function Word Types

Hence

Circumpositional phrases

Examples of Anthimeria

I could use a good sleep. (Here, the word “sleep,” usually a verb, is used as a noun).

She headed the ball. (In soccer, “heading” the ball is to hit the ball with one’s forehead.

Don’t forget to hashtag that post.

Types of Anthimeria

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